Zebrafish Tumor Graft Transplantation to Grow Tumors In Vivo That Engraft Poorly as Single Cell Suspensions

The generation and use of animal models of osteosarcoma in cancer research

“…The raw material for cancer transplantation includes two forms, cancer cell suspension, and primary tumor tissue. 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 Cell suspension inoculation has the advantages of simple procedure(s), low cost, and good reproducibility. However, cells in suspension are relatively dispersed, and the interaction among cancer cells is weakened or destroyed, making cancer cells easily cleared by the body's immune system.…”

“…However, cells in suspension are relatively dispersed, and the interaction among cancer cells is weakened or destroyed, making cancer cells easily cleared by the body's immune system. 121 Moreover, cancer cells treated with enzymes before transplantation may lose their primeval properties, which may alter the biological characteristics of cancer, including tumor formation rate and metastatic capacity. 124 Cell suspensions are mostly inoculated orthotopically in the bone marrow; however, the medullary cavity of the lower femur in nude mice is narrow, which easily leads to suspension overflow of the bone marrow and insufficient number of cancer cells in the medullary cavity.…”