Characteristics of growth disturbances in patients with intracranial germinomas of different origins

Li, Bo; Wang, Jiayi; Yang, Jigang; Li, Yanong; Liu, Yanwei; Liu, Shuai; Qiu, Xiaoguang

doi:10.1007/s00381-021-05189-6

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare malignant tumors (except for mature teratomas), accounting for only 0.3-0.5% of all primary intracranial neoplasms with a challenging management and diagnosis [1][2][3]. Germinomas are the most common germ cell tumors with an incidence of 5 to 1.0/million/year in Western countries and 1.7 to 2.7/million/year in Asian countries [4]. The peak incidence of germinoma occurs in the second decade of life, around puberty, with a male predominance [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Germinomas are the most common germ cell tumors with an incidence of 5 to 1.0/million/year in Western countries and 1.7 to 2.7/million/year in Asian countries [4]. The peak incidence of germinoma occurs in the second decade of life, around puberty, with a male predominance [3,4]. These tumors commonly involve the midline area including the sellar, pineal, and basal regions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peak incidence of germinoma occurs in the second decade of life, around puberty, with a male predominance [3,4]. These tumors commonly involve the midline area including the sellar, pineal, and basal regions [4]. The pineal region is the most commonly involved area and accounts for 33-63% of all intracranial GCTs [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intracranial germinoma may be presented with growth disturbances, precocious puberty, and hypopituitarism. It also depends on the site of origin of the tumors [4]. Due to the heterogeneous tumor origin, subtypes, and presentation, the diagnosis and management are challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approach to Pineal Germinoma: A Case Report

Bazzi,

Saad,

Bazzi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare malignant tumors with a peak incidence around puberty. The pineal region is the most commonly involved area of all intracranial GCTs. Due to the heterogeneous tumor origin, subtypes, and presentation, diagnosis and management are challenging. Complicated pineal germinomas are rarely reported in the literature. Here, we report a rare case of pineal germinoma with hydrocephalus and discuss the potential treatment approach. A 20-year-old boy presented to the hospital with vomiting and a decreased level of consciousness. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a pineal tumor. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed to relieve the increased intracranial pressure. The patient underwent a suboccipital craniotomy with excisional biopsy of the pineal region tumor due to its critical location, as imaging studies alone may not be sufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis. Although there has been a rise in reported cases of germinoma tumors, there is currently no standardized therapeutic approach for treating them. Therefore, more randomized controlled cohort studies are necessary to evaluate potential treatments and develop a therapeutic approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approach to Pineal Germinoma: A Case Report

Bazzi,

Saad,

Bazzi

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Intracranial germ cell tumors: a view of the endocrinologist

Tong,

Zhong

2023

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are rare malignant neoplasms that mainly affect children and adolescents. The incidence, clinical presentation, and prognosis of iGCTs exhibit high heterogeneity. Previous studies have primarily focused on eliminating tumors, reducing tumor recurrence, and improving survival rates, while neglecting the impact of the tumors and their treatment on neuroendocrine function. Throughout the entire course of the disease, neuroendocrine dysfunction may occur and is frequently overlooked by oncologists, neurosurgeons, and radiologists. Endocrinologists, however, are more interested in this issue and have varying priorities at different stages of the disease. From onset to the diagnostic phase, most patients with iGCTs may present with symptoms related to impaired neuroendocrine function, or even experience these symptoms as their first indication of the condition. Particularly, a minority of patients with sellar/suprasellar lesions may exhibit typical imaging features and elevated tumor markers long after the onset of initial symptoms. This can further complicate the diagnosis process. During the peritumor treatment phase, the neuroendocrine function shows dynamic changes and needs to be evaluated dynamically. Once diabetes insipidus and dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axes occur, hormone replacement therapy should be administered promptly to ensure successful tumor treatment for the patient. Subsequently, during the long-term management phase after the completion of tumor treatment, the evaluation of growth and development as well as corresponding hormone replacement therapy are the most concerning and complex issues. Thus, this paper reviews the interest of endocrinologists in iGCTs at different stages.

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Differentiation of newly developed intracranial lesions after long-term management of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs)

Zheng,

You,

Lian

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Intracranial germ cell tumor (iGCT) is a rare type of brain tumors which is prevalent among children and adolescents. Among iGCTs, non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) presented with a poorer prognosis. Since treatment primarily involves chemotherapy and radiotherapy, it is crucial to differentiate treatment-related secondary tumors that may develop during follow-up from recurrences of iGCTs. However, there are few studies distinguishing between these two outcomes. Based on the criteria from SIOP trials, we identified 3 NGGCT patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) who achieved remission after initial treatment but developed new intracranial lesions upon long-term follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of these 3 patients. At first, all 3 NGGCT patients presented with elevated tumor markers and intracranial lesions on MRI. After the initial treatment, all patients achieved clinical remission and were followed-up regularly. However, more than 5 years later, new intracranial lesions appeared on MRI in these 3 patients, with variated locations and changes in tumor markers. 1 patient was diagnosed with secondary meningioma, while the others were highly suspected as recurrences of iGCTs. All patients received timely and appropriate interventions. In conclusion, differentiating between tumor recurrence and secondary tumors during the follow-up of iGCTs requires a comprehensive assessment involving tumor marker patterns, imaging features, and pathological findings.

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Characteristics of growth disturbances in patients with intracranial germinomas of different origins

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approach to Pineal Germinoma: A Case Report

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Approach to Pineal Germinoma: A Case Report

Intracranial germ cell tumors: a view of the endocrinologist

Differentiation of newly developed intracranial lesions after long-term management of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs)

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