Trimethylamine/Trimethylamine-N-Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases

He, Siyu; Jiang, Hong; Zhuo, Caili; Jiang, Wei

doi:10.1007/s12012-021-09656-z

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…After analyzing the metabolome data, it has been clarified that fructose not only causes changes in 32 components, such as TMAO, after entering mice but also affects 17 metabolic pathways, such as glutathione metabolism, through pathway enrichment analysis. Based on previous literature, the increased level of TMAO in vivo leads to cardiovascular diseases closely related to metabolic syndromes, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and type II diabetes (He et al, 2021). The treatment groups could significantly downregulate the levels of glycerol, glucose, and TMAO and increase the content of taurine and antioxidants in vivo by regulating the glutathione pathway, indicating that the Alismatis rhizoma extract-administrated groups could improve the disorder levels of the metabolites in vivo to treat highfructose-induced metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alismatis Rhizoma methanolic extract—Effects on metabolic syndrome and mechanisms of triterpenoids using a metabolomic and lipidomic approach

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Alismatis rhizoma is a traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have demonstrated that Alismatis rhizoma also has therapeutic effects on metabolic syndrome. However, the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism are still unclear. First, UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS was used to detect the chemical components of the Alismatis rhizoma extract, and 31 triterpenoids and 2 sesquiterpenes were preliminarily identified. Then, to investigate the mechanism of the Alismatis rhizoma extract on metabolic syndrome, a mouse model of metabolic syndrome induced by high-fructose drinks was established. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and UA after the Alismatis rhizoma extract treatment were markedly decreased. 1H-NMR was used to conduct non-targeted metabolomics studies. A total of 20 differential metabolites were associated with high-fructose–induced metabolic syndrome, which were mainly correlated with 11 metabolic pathways. Moreover, UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS lipidomics analysis found that a total of 53 differential lipids were screened out. The results showed that Alismatis rhizoma extract mainly reduces the synthesis of glycerophospholipid and ceramide and improves the secretion of bile acid. This study shows that the Alismatis rhizoma extract can treat metabolic syndrome mainly by inhibiting energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and regulating bile acid to reduce phospholipid content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alismatis Rhizoma methanolic extract—Effects on metabolic syndrome and mechanisms of triterpenoids using a metabolomic and lipidomic approach

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Recently, red meat, fish, and egg intakes have been associated with serum TMAO concentrations ( 59 ), but results of several studies assessing the association between dietary intake (mainly of choline and egg) and circulating TMAO concentrations were inconclusive ( 60–63 ). In addition, the number of studies focusing on TMAO and CVD is increasing, but it remains unclear whether TMAO is a causative factor or a biomarker for CVD ( 64 ). In an earlier study, we found that TMAO did not mediate the association between dietary choline intake and risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina pectoris ( 65 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Dietary Choline Intake, Contributing Food Items, and Associations with One-Carbon and Lipid Metabolites in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: The Hordaland Health Study

Parys

Brække

Karlsson

et al. 2022

The Journal of Nutrition

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Background Choline is an essential nutrient for humans and is involved in various physiological functions. Through its metabolite betaine, it is closely connected to the one-carbon metabolism and the fat-soluble choline form phosphatidylcholine is essential for very-low-density-lipoprotein synthesis and secretion in the liver connecting choline to the lipid metabolism. Dietary recommendations for choline are not available in the Nordic countries primarily due to data scarcity. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary intake of total choline and individual choline forms, dietary sources, and the association of total choline intake with circulating one-carbon metabolites and lipids. Methods We included 5746 participants in the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK), a survey including community-dwelling adults born in 1925–1927 (mean age 72 years, 55% women) and 1950–1951 (mean age 48 years, 57% women). Dietary data was obtained using a 169-item food frequency questionnaire and choline content was calculated using the USDA Database for Choline Content of Common Foods, release 2. Metabolites of the one-carbon and lipid metabolism were measured in a non-fasting blood sample obtained at baseline and association with total choline intake were assessed using polynomial splines. Results The geometric mean (95% prediction interval) energy-adjusted total choline intake was 260 (170, 389) mg/d with phosphatidylcholine being the main form (44%). The major food items providing dietary choline were eggs, low-fat milk, potatoes, and leafy vegetables. Dietary total choline was inversely associated with circulating concentrations of total homocysteine, glycine and serine and positively associated with choline, methionine, cystathionine, cysteine, trimethyllysine, trimethylamine-N-oxide and dimethylglycine. A weak association was observed between choline intake and serum lipids. Conclusion Phosphatidylcholine was the most consumed choline form in community-dwelling adults in Norway. Our findings suggest that choline intake is associated with the concentration of most metabolites involved in the one-carbon and lipid metabolism.

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“…Myocardial triglycerides and trimethylamine-containing compounds (TMA) are also detected by this technique [15,16]. TMA is oxidized by hepatic flavin monooxygenase 3 in the liver and forms TMAO, generally identified as a pathogenic metabolite leading to hypertension [17]. Several studies have investigated the link between increased plasma TMAO and heart failure, revealing that TMAO concentration is associated with advanced left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and poorer clinical outcomes in heart failure patients [17].…”

Section: Proton Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TMA is oxidized by hepatic flavin monooxygenase 3 in the liver and forms TMAO, generally identified as a pathogenic metabolite leading to hypertension [17]. Several studies have investigated the link between increased plasma TMAO and heart failure, revealing that TMAO concentration is associated with advanced left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and poorer clinical outcomes in heart failure patients [17]. The relatively increased concentration of lipids is usually associated with, among several malfunctions, type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired diastolic function [18].…”

Section: Proton Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Methods for Investigating Cardiac Metabolism

Esmaeili

Vettukattil

2022

Metabolites

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique, enabling in vivo investigation of cardiac metabolism in normal and diseased hearts. In vivo measurement tools are critical for studying mechanisms that regulate cardiac energy metabolism in disease developments and to assist in early response assessments to novel therapies. For cardiac MRS, proton (1H), phosphorus (31P), and hyperpolarized 13-carbon (13C) provide valuable metabolic information for diagnosis and treatment assessment purposes. Currently, low sensitivity and some technical limitations limit the utility of MRS. An essential step in translating MRS for clinical use involves further technological improvements, particularly in coil design, improving the signal-to-noise ratios, field homogeneity, and optimizing radiofrequency sequences. This review addresses the recent advances in metabolic imaging by MRS from primarily the literature published since 2015.

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Trimethylamine/Trimethylamine-N-Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 20 publications

References 99 publications

Alismatis Rhizoma methanolic extract—Effects on metabolic syndrome and mechanisms of triterpenoids using a metabolomic and lipidomic approach

Alismatis Rhizoma methanolic extract—Effects on metabolic syndrome and mechanisms of triterpenoids using a metabolomic and lipidomic approach

Assessment of Dietary Choline Intake, Contributing Food Items, and Associations with One-Carbon and Lipid Metabolites in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: The Hordaland Health Study

In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Methods for Investigating Cardiac Metabolism

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