[34] Biofouling of membranes: Membrane preparation, characterization, and analysis of bacterial adhesion

Ridgway, Harry F.; Ishida, Kenneth P.; Rodriguez, Grisel; Safarik, Jana; Knoell, Tom; Bold, Richard M.

doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(99)10036-3

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Membrane fouling was also detected through attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR/FT-IR) spectroscopy using a Magna 550 spectro meter (Thermo Nicolet, Madison, Wisc.) utilizing GRAMS/AI software (Version 7.00, Thermo Galactic, Salem, N.H.) [29]. Figure 4 shows pretreatment effluent water quality data for turbidity (NTU), SDI, and residual aluminum (µg/L) at pHs 7.9, 7.8, and 6.7.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of residual aluminum from conventional treatment to improve reverse osmosis performance

Gabelich¹,

Ishida

Gerringer³

et al. 2006

Desalination

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Soluble aluminum (Al 3+ ) may react with both ambient silica and antiscalant components to form colloidal foulants during reverse osmosis (RO) treatment. Whereas conventional treatment (coagulation/filtration/sedimentation/dual-media filtration) was being used prior to RO, aluminum sulfate (alum) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulants were evaluated at ambient pH (pH 7.8 to 7.9) and suppressed pH (pH 6.7) in an effort to lower the total aluminum to below 50 µg/L-a level previously observed to prevent RO membrane fouling. Additional tests were conducted with 5 mg/L citric acid added to the RO influent to chelate the soluble aluminum fraction. All tests were conducted with 1.5 to 2.5 mg/L chloramines present. Testing of a RO process fed with optimized alum-or PACl-coagulated water showed that PACl outperformed alum regardless of pH. Alum coagulation at ambient pH resulted in 184 to 273 µg/L total aluminum passing through the filtration process. Only by lowering the mean influent water pH to 6.7 was the mean soluble aluminum residual (45 µg/L) for alum coagulation reduced to below the 50 µg/L aluminum goal. Regardless of pH, for alum-coagulated waters, the higher aluminum carryover resulted in severe RO membrane fouling within 500 hours of operation. Only when a chelating agent (citric acid) was added to the RO feed was the loss in productivity and selectivity arrested. However, PACl consistently met the 50-µg/L goal for both total and soluble aluminum for all pH levels tested, which resulted in more stable membrane performance over time. Further research on the compatibility of PACl and polyamide membranes in the presence of chloramines is needed as data from this project suggest PACl coagulation may facilitate membrane oxidation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of residual aluminum from conventional treatment to improve reverse osmosis performance

Gabelich¹,

Ishida

Gerringer³

et al. 2006

Desalination

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“…Certain membrane characteristics affect the likelihood of cell attachment, including surface charge and hydrophobicity (Ridgway et al, 1999). Because many of the components in raw water that have the potential to foul the membrane are negatively charged and hydrophobic, membranes that are more negatively charged and hydrophilic will foul less.…”

Section: Biofouling Of Ultrafiltration Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes impregnated with silver nanoparticles show improved biofouling resistance and virus removal

et al. 2009

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“…The main consequences observed are decreased membrane flux, increased pollutants passage through the membranes and increased loss of pressure across the membranes train. This can eventually result in biodegradation of the membrane polymer and other components of the modules [2][3][4]. These effects ultimately result in increased energy and chemical costs, loss of both water production and water quality as well as reduced membrane life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofouling and scaling control of reverse osmosis membrane using one-step cleaning-potential of acidified nitrite solution as an agent

Filloux

Wang

Pidou

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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scaling control of reverse osmosis membrane using one-step cleaning-potential of acidified nitrite solution as an a g e n t , Journal of Membrane Science, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.memsci.2015.08.034 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractBiofouling is generally regarded as a major issue in reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filtration. Two-step chemical cleanings with alkaline and acidic agents are typically applied to restore the treatment capacity. In this study, the feasibility of one-step cleaning using free nitrous acid (FNA) was investigated as a novel low cost cleaning agent. The FNA cleaning solution was prepared by acidification of a sodium nitrite solution with hydrochloric acid.Seven fouled RO membranes collected from full-scale wastewater recycling and desalination plants were used to perform lab-scale cleaning trials. Membrane fouling characterisation revealed six of out of seven membranes were mainly bio-fouled, while one membrane was severely fouled by calcium carbonate. This study showed the feasibility of using FNA at pH 3.0 for biomass removal as well as for calcium carbonate scaling removal. The results from the lab-scale cleaning tests suggested that FNA can be used as a single cleaning agent for both biofouling and scaling removal. Cost analysis showed that FNA is a cost-effective solution for biofouling and scaling removal in RO filtration applications.

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[34] Biofouling of membranes: Membrane preparation, characterization, and analysis of bacterial adhesion

Cited by 53 publications

References 16 publications

Control of residual aluminum from conventional treatment to improve reverse osmosis performance

Control of residual aluminum from conventional treatment to improve reverse osmosis performance

Polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes impregnated with silver nanoparticles show improved biofouling resistance and virus removal

Biofouling and scaling control of reverse osmosis membrane using one-step cleaning-potential of acidified nitrite solution as an agent

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