34.5 Human-Body-Coupled Power-Delivery and Ambient-Energy-Harvesting ICs for a Full-Body-Area Power Sustainability

Li, Jiamin; Dong, Youming; Park, Jeong Hoan; Lin, Longyang; Tang, Tao; Zhanq, Miaolin; Wu, Han; Zhang, Lian; Tan, Joanne Si Ying; Yoo, Jerald

doi:10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9063042

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In case 1 , where C STOR is not fully charged (V STOR < V REF ), energy is transferred from the inductor to C STOR . Here, a storage-level tracker (SLT) is activated to keep monitoring V STOR until V STOR >= V REF condition is achieved.…”

Section: Case1: C Stor Not Fully Chargedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in some cases, this energy can be very low, and as soon as S BAT is closed, the circuit will only see reverse current, which makes RCD H detection impossible and the circuit fails. Therefore, V BAT (3 V) is intentionally kept lower than V STOR (3.3 V) to avoid circuit failure in the case of lower energy on the inductor during case 1 . In this case, RCD H is activated together with the SLT and RCD S .…”

Section: Case1: C Stor Not Fully Chargedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These devices are usually powered with lightweight batteries having low capacity that require frequent battery re-charging or replacement, which is undesirable and sometimes difficult in the case of implantable devices. To achieve energy autonomy, widely investigated energy harvesting sources include RF [1][2][3][4], light [5], heat [6], and vibrations [7][8][9]. Among these sources, vibration energy has been extensively investigated due to the abundance of vibrations in the ambient environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dual Piezoelectric Energy Investing and Harvesting Interface for High-Voltage Input

Khan

Saif

Lee

et al. 2021

Sensors

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A novel harvesting interface for multiple piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) is proposed for high-voltage energy harvesting. Pre-biasing a PZT prior to its mechanical deformation increases its damping force, resulting in higher energy extraction. Unlike the conventional harvesters where a PZT-generated output is assumed to be continuous sinusoidal and output polarity is assumed to be alternating every cycle, PZT-generated output from human motion is expected to be random. Therefore, in the proposed approach, energy is invested to the PZT only when PZT deformation is detected. Upon the motion detection, energy stored at a storage capacitor (CSTOR) from earlier energy harvesting cycle is invested to pre-bias PZT, enhancing energy extraction. The harvested energy is transferred to back CSTOR for energy investment on the next cycle and then excess energy is transferred to the battery. In addition, partial electric charge extraction (PECE) is adapted to extract a partial amount of charges from the PZT every time its voltage approaches the process limit of 40 V. Simulations with 0.35 µm BCD process show 7.61× (with PECE only) and 8.38× (with PECE and energy investment) improvement compared to the conventional rectifier-based harvesting scheme Proposed harvesting interface successfully harvests energy from excitations with open-circuit voltages up to 100 V.

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Section: Case1: C Stor Not Fully Chargedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case1: C Stor Not Fully Chargedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dual Piezoelectric Energy Investing and Harvesting Interface for High-Voltage Input

Khan

Saif

Lee

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Even though delicate simulation of thermal increase has been studied, using the power consumption of the human eye itself is a more conservative criterion. Considering the physiological power consumption of the human retina [6], the overall power consumption of the RP SoC should not exceed 3.4 mW in the worst-case scenario, which we can potentially power up the SoC using body-coupled power transfer [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1225-Channel Neuromorphic Retinal-Prosthesis SoC With Localized Temperature-Regulation

Park

Tan

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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A 1225-Channel Neuromorphic Retinal Prosthesis (RP) SoC is presented. Existing RP SoCs directly convert light intensity to electrical stimulus, which limit the adoption of delicate stimulus patterns to increase visual acuity. Moreover, a conventional centralized image processor leads to the local hot spot that poses a risk to the nearby retinal cells. To solve these issues, the proposed SoC adopts a distributed Neuromorphic Image Processor (NMIP) located within each pixel that extracts the outline of the incoming image, which reduces current dispersion and stimulus power compared with light-intensity proportional stimulus pattern. A spike-based asynchronous digital operation results in the power consumption of 56.3 nW/Ch without local temperature hot spot. At every 5×5 pixels, the localized (49-point) temperatureregulation circuit limits the temperature increase of neighboring retinal cells to less than 1°C, and the overall power consumption of the SoC to be less than that of the human eye. The 1225-channel SoC fabricated in 0.18 µm 1P6M CMOS occupies 15mm 2 while consuming 2.7 mW, and is successfully verified with image reconstruction demonstration.

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“…Third, the maximum load impedance needs to be dynamically tracked and maintained amidst impedance variations at the RX (harvester) front-end, to ensure optimal power extraction. This paper presents the TX and RX [21] ICs for the powering/harvesting via the body-coupling. In this paper, the dynamic impedance matching scheme is introduced at TX, while the detuned impedance booster (DIB), along with the bulk adaptation rectifier (BAR), is proposed at the RX, achieving the full-body area power coverage for the first time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Body-Area Powering With Human Body-Coupled Power Transmission and Energy Harvesting ICs

Dong

Park

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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This paper presents the body-coupled power transmission and ambient energy harvesting ICs. The ICs utilize human body-coupling to deliver power to the entire body, and at the same time, harvest energy from ambient EM waves coupling through the body. The IC improves the recovered power level by adapting to the varying skin-electrode interface parasitic impedance at both the TX and RX. To maximize the power output from the TX, the dynamic impedance matching is performed amidst environment-induced variations. At the RX, the Detuned Impedance Booster (DIB) and the Bulk Adaptation Rectifier (BAR) are proposed to improve the power recovery and extend the power coverage further. In order to ensure the maximum power extraction despite the loading variations, the Dual-Mode Buck-Boost Converter (DM-BBC) is proposed. The ICs fabricated in 40 nm 1P8M CMOS recovers up to 100 μW from the body-coupled power transmission and 2.5 μW from the ambient body-coupled energy harvesting. The ICs achieve the full-body area power delivery, with the power harvested from the ambiance via the body-coupling mechanism independent of placements on the body. Both approaches show power sustainability for wearable electronics all around the human body. Index Terms-Body area network, body-coupled power transmission, body-coupled energy harvesting, energy harvesting, power transfer, impedance matching, rectifier, maximum power point tracking. I. INTRODUCTION OWERING wearable electronics such as earbuds, smart bandaids, and electrocardiography (ECG) sensors are challenging [1]-[3]. The limited battery lifetime incurs charging overhead, causes service disruptions, and inconveniences the users [4][5], which is aggravated further as the number of wearables increases. To address the issue and allow for sustainable operations, power transmission, and energy harvesting approaches have been proposed. Near-field power transmission approaches using the inductive link impose stringent requirements on the alignment Manuscript received DD-MMM-YYYY.

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34.5 Human-Body-Coupled Power-Delivery and Ambient-Energy-Harvesting ICs for a Full-Body-Area Power Sustainability

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Dual Piezoelectric Energy Investing and Harvesting Interface for High-Voltage Input

Dual Piezoelectric Energy Investing and Harvesting Interface for High-Voltage Input

1225-Channel Neuromorphic Retinal-Prosthesis SoC With Localized Temperature-Regulation

Body-Area Powering With Human Body-Coupled Power Transmission and Energy Harvesting ICs

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