Decreasing prevalence of retinopathy in childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes over the last decade: A comparison of two cohorts diagnosed 10 years apart

Salardi, S; Porta, Massimo; Maltoni, Giulio; Bassi, Marta; Minuto, Nicola; d’Annunzio, Giuseppe; Baltatescu, Tamara; Ariaudo, Maria; Zucchini, Stefano; Levantini, Gabriella; Tumini, Stefano; Franceschi, Roberto; Cauvin, Vittoria; Toni, Sonia; Nitto, Elena De; Salvatoni, Alessandro; Schiaffini, Riccardo

doi:10.1111/dom.14438

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…We found a lower prevalence of DR than expected. The overall good metabolic control observed in our population and the decreasing incidence of DR observed globally 13,14 may in part explain this finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Glycated haemoglobin in the first year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: The IMDIAB 25 years follow‐up study

Maddaloni

Carlone

Pitocco

et al. 2023

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Glycated haemoglobin in the first year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: The IMDIAB 25 years follow‐up study

Maddaloni

Carlone

Pitocco

et al. 2023

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids and diabetic microvascular complications: a Mendelian randomization study

Liu,

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundObservational studies and clinical trials have implicated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in potentially safeguarding against diabetic microvascular complication. Nonetheless, the causal nature of these relationships remains ambiguous due to conflicting findings across studies. This research employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the causal impact of PUFAs on diabetic microvascular complications.MethodsWe identified instrumental variables for PUFAs, specifically omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, using the UK Biobank data. Outcome data regarding diabetic microvascular complications were sourced from the FinnGen Study. Our analysis covered microvascular outcomes in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, namely diabetic neuropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). An inverse MR analysis was conducted to examine the effect of diabetic microvascular complications on PUFAs. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness of the results. Finally, a multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted to determine whether PUFAs have a direct influence on diabetic microvascular complications.ResultsThe study indicates that elevated levels of genetically predicted omega-6 fatty acids substantially reduce the risk of DN in type 2 diabetes (odds ratio (OR): 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47–0.82, p = 0.001). A protective effect against DR in type 2 diabetes is also suggested (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92, p = 0.005). MVMR analysis confirmed the stability of these results after adjusting for potential confounding factors. No significant effects of omega-6 fatty acids were observed on DKD in type 2 diabetes or on any complications in type 1 diabetes. By contrast, omega-3 fatty acids showed no significant causal links with any of the diabetic microvascular complications assessed.ConclusionsOur MR analysis reveals a causal link between omega-6 fatty acids and certain diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, potentially providing novel insights for further mechanistic and clinical investigations into diabetic microvascular complications.

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Decreasing prevalence of retinopathy in childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes over the last decade: A comparison of two cohorts diagnosed 10 years apart

Abstract: Aim: To ascertain whether the prevalence of retinopathy has declined over the last 2 decades in individuals with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and whether this might be explained by changes in lifetime HbA1c.

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Glycated haemoglobin in the first year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: The IMDIAB 25 years follow‐up study

Glycated haemoglobin in the first year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: The IMDIAB 25 years follow‐up study

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and diabetic microvascular complications: a Mendelian randomization study

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