Severe COVID-19 in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Sweden: A nationwide retrospective cohort study

Rawshani, Aidin; Kjölhede, Elin Allansson; Rawshani, Araz; Sattar, Naveed; Eeg‐Olofsson, Katarina; Adiels, Martin; Ludvigsson, Johnny; Lindh, Marcus; Gisslén, Magnus; Hagberg, Eva; Lappas, Georgios; Eliasson, Björn; Rosengren, Annika

doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100105

Cited by 94 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders are at high risk during COVID-19 outbreaks [38,39]. False-positive results can have detrimental effects on these patients, such as a false awareness of safety that increases the risk of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray-Based Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Common Respiratory Viruses and Type I Interferons

Savvateeva

Filippova

Valuev-Elliston

et al. 2021

Viruses

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A microarray-based assay to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against betacoronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS, MERS, OC43, and HKU1), other respiratory viruses and type I interferons (IFN-Is) was developed. This multiplex assay was applied to track antibody cross-reactivity due to previous contact with similar viruses and to identify antibodies against IFN-Is as the markers for severe COVID-19. In total, 278 serum samples from convalescent plasma donors, COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and patients who recovered from mild/moderate COVID-19, vaccine recipients, prepandemic and pandemic patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders, and a heterogeneous prepandemic cohort including healthy individuals and chronically ill patients were analyzed. The anti-SARS-CoV-2 microarray results agreed well with the ELISA results. Regarding ICU patients, autoantibodies against IFN-Is were detected in 10.5% of samples, and 10.5% of samples were found to simultaneously contain IgM antibodies against more than two different viruses. Cross-reactivity between IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and IgG against the OC43 and HKU1 spike proteins was observed, resulting in positive signals for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid in prepandemic samples from patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders. The presence of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid in the absence of IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD should be interpreted with caution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray-Based Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Common Respiratory Viruses and Type I Interferons

Savvateeva

Filippova

Valuev-Elliston

et al. 2021

Viruses

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show abstract

“…Since the outbreak of COVID-19, people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been reported to be at an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality if infected with the virus [ 14 , 15 ]. With its high and increasing prevalence, along with its negative impact on individuals, health systems and economies, T2D is thought to be one of the most challenging health problems in the world, and the COVID-19 pandemic has been described as adding an enormous load to the already existing burden of diabetes worldwide [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of Online COVID-19 Information Acquisition among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes and Varying eHealth Literacy

Sjöström

Hajdarević

Hörnsten

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Internet has been a major source of information for people to keep updated with news and guidelines. However, concerns have been raised about the ‘infodemic’, which includes the overabundance of online information and the spread of misleading information. Adequate eHealth literacy skills among world citizens have therefore been emphasized as vital during the pandemic. Persons with type 2 diabetes have been at increased risk of severe outcomes of COVID-19 disease. This study aimed to explore online COVID-19 information acquisition experiences among persons with type 2 diabetes and varying eHealth literacy. Fifty-eight participants filled out the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), along with a qualitative questionnaire with free-text questions. Additionally, 10 participants were interviewed. Thematic analysis was applied to identify patterns in participants’ experiences. Two domains were identified: perceived challenges with online information about COVID-19, and coping strategies to manage challenges. The perceived challenges were: being exposed to information overload, dealing with conflicting information, and being strongly emotionally affected. The related coping strategies were: protecting oneself, trusting authorities, taking command, and using common sense. These strategies often involved triangulation of the information obtained, including participants consulting their common sense, various sources, or family and friends. This paper highlights the crucial role of authorities in delivering online information, that according to health literacy principles, is easy to access, understand, and use. Furthermore, our results reinforce the importance of diabetes nurses, as well as healthcare professionals in general, in encouraging patients to share their Internet findings, promote information from reliable sources, and deliver tailored information that suits individual needs. Because our results underline the importance of social support in eHealth literacy and the assessment of online health information, the inclusion of family and friends needs to be increasingly considered in diabetes care. Due to the small homogenous sample, the results of this study cannot be generalized. However, the reader can assess the transferability to other situations and settings based on our contextual descriptions.

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“…In this study, despite adjusting the heart disease, cancer, and blood pressure in the case and control groups, the mortality rate of diabetic patients was 2.88 times higher than that of the non-diabetic patients. Rawshani et al showed that hazard of diabetic patients is 1.50 times higher than that of the non-diabetic patients [ 34 ]. In the Sonmez et al study the hazard ratio of diabetic patients was 1.75 [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of underlying diabetes disease on clinical outcome and survival in patients with Covid-19: a propensity score matching study

Ghadamgahi

Tapak

Bashirian

et al. 2021

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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Severe COVID-19 in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Sweden: A nationwide retrospective cohort study

Cited by 94 publications

References 29 publications

Microarray-Based Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Common Respiratory Viruses and Type I Interferons

Microarray-Based Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, Common Respiratory Viruses and Type I Interferons

Experiences of Online COVID-19 Information Acquisition among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes and Varying eHealth Literacy

The effect of underlying diabetes disease on clinical outcome and survival in patients with Covid-19: a propensity score matching study

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