Pasteurella spp. Infections in Atlantic salmon and lumpsucker

Abstract

The use of cleaner fish as a delousing method in Norwegian salmonid aquaculture has increased tremendously over the last few years. This has led to the emergence of a new large industry of farming lumpsuckers (Cyclopterus lumpus L.). The use of lumpsuckers as cleaner fish has, however, not been problem‐free. Bacterial diseases cause high mortalities with pasteurellosis as one of the major emerging diseases. During the past few years, outbreaks of pasteurellosis in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) have become more frequent. This has led to an increasing concern that this disease will become common in salmon farming as well. The purpose of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of Atlantic salmon to Pasteurella spp. infection and the possibility of lumpsuckers transmitting pasteurellosis to Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon were experimentally challenged, either by bath or by cohabitation with challenged lumpsuckers, using two different strains of Pasteurella spp. (originating from lumpsucker and Atlantic salmon, respectively). No clinical signs of pasteurellosis were observed on any of the Atlantic salmon. The lumpsuckers were, however, equally susceptible to both isolates. In addition, clear differences in histopathological changes were observed between individuals challenged with the two isolates.

Phylogeography and host specificity of Pasteurellaceae pathogenic to sea-farmed fish in the north-east Atlantic

“…Although phenotypically highly similar, there appears to be considerable genetic and serological diversity amongst Pasteurellaceae isolated from farmed salmon and lumpfish (Reid and Birkbeck, 2015 ; Alarcón et al, 2016 ; Ellul et al, 2021 ). Further, while both field outbreaks and experimental challenge trials in lumpfish have often resulted in high mortality levels, pasteurellosis in salmon has been associated with variable but generally low to moderate mortality (Jones and Cox, 1999 ; Valheim et al, 2000 ; Alarcón et al, 2016 ; Ellul et al, 2019 ; Legård and Strøm, 2020 ; Sandlund et al, 2021 ). Whether these apparent differences reflect characteristics of the particular host species and/or bacterial strain involved, however, remains uncertain.…”

Nigella Sativa Seed Extract has Potential Antimicrobial Activity on Pasteurella multocida in Vitro

“…This bacterium which belongs to Pasteurellaceae family, is identified as Gram negative, and usually attacks the respiratory tract in livestock such as cattle, buffalo, pigs, goats and poultry, led to infection called pasteurellosis (Besung et al, 2016). Sandlund et al, (2021) stated that Pastereulla can also infect aquatic animals, and can even be zoonotic (Michael et al, 2018).…”

Identification of housekeeping genes of Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola associated with epitheliocystis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

“…One exception is the epitheliocystis agent Candidatus Syngnamydia salmonis that can be cultured in Paramoeba perurans which made it possible to obtain a large part of the genome of this member of Chlamydiales (Nylund et al 2018b ). Culture-independent methods such as next-generation sequencing (mNGS) have thus been increasingly applied to uncover the full and/or partial genomes of novel pathogenic microorganisms associated with diseases in fish (Tengs and Rimstad 2017 ; Skoge et al 2018 ; Sandlund et al 2021 ).…”