Global Landscape Review of Serotype-Specific Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance among Countries Using PCV10/13: The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) Project

Abstract

Serotype-specific surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is essential for assessing the impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV10/13). The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project aimed to evaluate the global evidence to estimate the impact of PCV10/13 by age, product, schedule, and syndrome. Here we systematically characterize and summarize the global landscape of routine serotype-specific IPD surveillance in PCV10/13-using countries and describe the subset that are included in PSERENADE. Of 138 countries using PCV10/13 as of 2018, we identified 109 with IPD surveillance systems, 76 of which met PSERENADE data collection eligibility criteria. PSERENADE received data from most (n = 63, 82.9%), yielding 240,639 post-PCV10/13 introduction IPD cases. Pediatric and adult surveillance was represented from all geographic regions but was limited from lower income and high-burden countries. In PSERENADE, 18 sites evaluated PCV10, 42 PCV13, and 17 both; 17 sites used a 3 + 0 schedule, 38 used 2 + 1, 13 used 3 + 1, and 9 used mixed schedules. With such a sizeable and generally representative dataset, PSERENADE will be able to conduct robust analyses to estimate PCV impact and inform policy at national and global levels regarding adult immunization, schedule, and product choice, including for higher valency PCVs on the horizon.

Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Rates and Pneumococcal Invasive Disease Rates Set Geographical and Ethnic Population Susceptibility to Serious COVID-19 Cases and Deaths

“…Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) data were accumulated from multiple sources (which occasionally also contained pneumococcal vaccination data): Europe [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 ]; Eastern Europe [ 86 ]; German [ 87 ]; Italy [ 88 , 89 , 90 ]; Israel [ 91 ]; Egypt [ 92 ]; Turkey [ 93 ]; Korea [ 94 ]; Japan [ 95 ]; Australia [ 96 ]; New Zealand [ 97 ]; U.K. [ 98 ]); U.S. [ 99 , 100 ]); Argentina [ 101 ]; Brazil ([ 102 ]; Canada [ 103 ]; Mexico [ 104 ]; Peru [ 105 ]; Chile [ 106 ]; South Africa [ 107 ].…”

Serotype Distribution of Remaining Pneumococcal Meningitis in the Mature PCV10/13 Period: Findings from the PSERENADE Project

“…Site identification and data collection methods are described in detail elsewhere [15]. Briefly, various methods were used to identify countries conducting serotype-specific IPD surveillance where PCV10 (referring throughout to the GSK product unless otherwise specified, as SII's vaccine was not in use) or PCV13 was universally recommended for all infants for at least one year by 2018.…”

“…Individuals at each institution that collected IPD data, including research groups as well as national laboratory testing centers, were invited to participate. All datasets underwent extensive data quality checks to identify any sources of potential biases that could impact the serotype distribution, and these were reviewed with site investigators [15].…”

“…All but four sites used a booster dose schedule, two of which only report data for children < 5 years. Additional site details and characteristics are described elsewhere [15]. and concurrent PCV10 and PCV13 use (N = 4).…”

Editorial for the Special Issue: Bacterial Meningitis—Epidemiology and Vaccination

“…A series of papers from the impressive PSERENADE project [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] demonstrated the substantial global impact of multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease, including meningitis, after their introduction into infant immunisation programmes. Six or more years after introduction, they found a 95% reduction in serotype 1 disease in all age groups.…”