Dual vis-NIR emissive bimetallic naphthoates of Eu–Yb–Gd: a new approach toward Yb luminescence intensity increase through Eu → Yb energy transfer

Abstract

Homo- and heteroligand mono-, bi-, and trimetallic lanthanide naphthoates EuxYbyGd1-x-y(naph)3(Phen)n (n = 0, 1) were obtained and thoroughly investigated. Homoligand naphthoates of the new phase were obtained as unhydrous powders...

First Dual Red–Near-Infrared Emissive Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diode Based on Europium–Ytterbium Mixed-Ligand Complexes for Pulse Oximetry

“…These advantages make lanthanide coordination compounds promising materials for the use in OLEDs for oximetry. Despite this, lanthanide-based oximeters have not been obtained yet and even photoluminescence of europium and ytterbium solid solutions has never been considered except for one recent paper of our group …”

Three ytterbium(III) complexes with aromatic N‐donors: Synthesis, structure, photophysical properties and thermal stability

“…There are reports about bimetallic systems with Yb 3 + , for which energy transfer between metal ions is described. [14][15][16] Examples of bi-lanthanide Yb 3 + systems with downconversion have examples of energy transfers Eu 3 + !Yb 3 + , [14] Tb 3 + !Yb 3 + [15] and Eu 2 + !Yb 3 + . [16] Attempts have also been made to combine d-elements such as copper, zinc or iron and rare-earth metals in one complex to combine luminescence, magnetic properties and bioactivity.…”

“…Nevertheless, not only organic ligands were used for the purpose to make luminescence more efficient. There are reports about bimetallic systems with Yb 3+ , for which energy transfer between metal ions is described [14–16] . Examples of bi ‐lanthanide Yb 3+ systems with downconversion have examples of energy transfers Eu 3+ →Yb 3+ , [14] Tb 3+ →Yb 3+[15] and Eu 2+ →Yb 3+ [16] .…”

Modulating the Inclusive and Coordinating Ability of Thiacalix[4]arene and Its Antenna Effect on Yb3-Luminescence via Upper-Rim Substitution+

“…This is due to the fact that Yb 3+ -centered luminescence exhibits the greatest intensity among other NIR-emitting lanthanide ions [ 23 ], which, in turn, derives from the large energy gap, 10,250 cm −1 , between its emitting level and the ground state [ 24 ]. The poor feeding of the excited 2 F 5/2 -level of Yb 3+ due to forbiddance of f - f transitions raises a question of their feeding through ligand-to-metal [ 25 , 26 ] or metal-to-metal energy transfer and minimizing of radiationless transitions from the excited Yb 3+ -level to lower laying vibrational levels of ligands [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The reports of Iki et al [ 30 , 31 , 32 ] highlight the advantage of the thiacalix[4]arene backbone in developing NIR-luminescent Yb 3+ complexes due to the specific rigid inner-sphere environment resulting from the sandwich-like coordination of the Yb 3+ ions between two phenolate rims of the thiacalix[4]arene derivatives.…”