Musculoskeletal Responses to Exercise Plus Nutrition in Men with Prostate Cancer on Androgen Deprivation: A 12-Month RCT

Abstract

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Effects of a multicomponent resistance-based exercise program with protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation on cognition in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT: secondary analysis of a 12-month randomised controlled trial

“…Low muscle mass is associated with greater risk for cognitive decline, particularly when combined with low strength 40. Contrary to our hypotheses and reported in detail elsewhere,18 the multicomponent exercise training and nutritional supplementation intervention in our study had limited effects to strength and function and did not elicit any significant between-group improvements in lean mass or muscle cross-sectional area compared with usual care 18. Reasons may include that the intervention group patients within our study tended to have sufficient dietary protein intake (~1.1 g/kg/day; online supplemental table S3), which is close to the recommended intake of at least 1.20 g/kg/day for older adults when undertaking resistance training 41.…”

“…As reported in detail elsewhere,18 there were no significant within-group changes or between-group differences for daily energy, carbohydrate, protein or fat intake (excluding the supplements; online supplemental table S3). Mean (95% CI) habitual physical activity increased within the control group at 12-month follow-up (453 (70, 835) kJ/day, p=0.040), yet there were no other within-group changes or between-group differences observed at any other time-point (online supplemental table S3).…”

“…In older adults with mild cognitive impairment, muscle strength gains following resistance training were also shown to mediate improvements in cognition 37. Although we observed some improvements in muscle strength and function following the intervention, the magnitude of the changes were modest (14.5% for muscle strength and 9.3%–10.7% for function) 18. This is likely related to poor adherence to exercise sessions (mean 56%) within our study.…”

“…The study was conducted from April 2014 to November 2017. The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of the intervention on bone mineral density,19 which have been reported elsewhere 18. This study represents analysis of secondary outcomes regarding cognitive function.…”

“…As reported previously,18 this study was a 12-month, single-blinded, two-arm RCT involving men aged 50–85 years currently undergoing continuous ADT (>3 months) treatment for PCa. The study was conducted from April 2014 to November 2017.…”