Utility of thoracic ultrasonography in a rapid diagnosis of angiostrongylosis in young dogs presenting with respiratory distress

Venco, Luigi; Colaneri, G.; Formaggini, Luca; Franco, M.; Rishniw, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105649

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…administration of blood products); however, it is neither specific nor sensitive for angiostrongylosis. Similarly, although advanced imaging and point‐of‐care ultrasound findings can be strongly suggestive of angiostrongylosis (Coia et al., 2017; Venco et al., 2021), they are also not pathognomonic for angiostrongylosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control line failure in Angiostrongylus vasorum point‐of‐care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to suspected hook effect

Barker,

Payne,

Wilson

2024

J of Small Animal Practice

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ObjectivesAngiostrongylosis is a significant differential for a diverse range of clinical signs in dogs, many of whom present acutely and sometimes with fatal consequences. Point‐of‐care diagnostic assays include a commercially available Angiostrongylus vasorum qualitative direct lateral flow assay.Materials and MethodsCase records from one referral centre from dogs with an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay, comprising an absent control line alongside a visible test line, were reviewed. As control line failure was hypothesised to be due to antigen excess; where available the A. vasorum lateral flow assay was repeated using dilutions of the original serum.ResultsSix dogs had an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay result. Five dogs had presented with acute‐onset, severe clinical disease consistent with angiostrongylosis, and one dog was a clinically healthy in‐contact. Clinical suspicion of angiostrongylosis was confirmed using alternative diagnostic testing and/or response to treatment. Repetition of the A. vasorum lateral flow assay, in four cases, using diluted plasma (10% to 12.5% v/v) resulted in the appearance of a control line alongside the visible test line.Clinical SignificanceA heavy burden of A. vasorum infection resulting in angiostrongylosis should be suspected in dogs with compatible clinical signs and an invalid A. vasorum lateral flow assay result due to control failure alongside a visible test line. Repetition of the test with a diluted serum may be considered to account for the hook effect, also known as the postzone phenomenon, as a possible cause.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This A. vasorum LFT has been reported to have a limited capacity to detect overt early infection, as it is based on antigen found in adult worms. The reported sensitivity of this A. vasorum LFT has varied from 75% (Venco et al, 2021) to 97% (Liu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control line failure in Angiostrongylus vasorum point‐of‐care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to suspected hook effect

Barker,

Payne,

Wilson

2024

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…The diagnostic method used has been shown to have a sensitivity of 98.1% and a specificity of 99.4% [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], which allows us to carry out a complete, precise, and exhaustive survey of the distribution of A. vasorum in Spain, thanks to excellent positive and negative predictive values (96.35% and 99.69%, respectively). The results of this study have been analyzed based on the calculation of the apparent prevalence, which has allowed us to compare and discuss the values obtained from previous studies carried out both in Spain and in other European countries [ 7 , 15 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Map of Canine Angiostrongylosis in Dogs in Spain

Carretón

Morchón

García-Rodríguez

et al. 2022

Animals

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Canine angiostrongylosis is an emerging disease caused by Angiostrongylus vasorum, mainly affecting wild carnivores and dogs. In Spain, there are studies reporting infections in foxes, wolves, and badgers in different regions of the country. However, there are hardly any publications on its prevalence in dogs. The aim of this study was to complete and update the epidemiologic map of A. vasorum in dogs in Spain. A total of 5619 canine blood samples from all autonomous cities and provinces of Spain were collected and tested for the presence of circulating A. vasorum antigens. The overall apparent prevalence of canine A. vasorum infection in Spain was 1.39%. No significant differences were found for sex or age, but significant differences between outdoor and indoor/outdoor dogs were found. A high prevalence was also observed in the northern third of the country, where an oceanic climate prevails, being humid and rainy and where abundant vegetation can be found, thus favoring the proliferation of intermediate hosts. The results suggest that A. vasorum canine infections are heterogeneously present in a large part of the territory, demonstrating its expansion throughout the country, and therefore, awareness and prevention campaigns for this disease should be promoted.

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“…A case-control study evaluated Angio Detect™ and Baermann coprology in dogs presenting with clinical signs suggestive of A. vasorum infection and a control group of dogs presented to participating practices for routine preventive health care or unrelated conditions (Lempereur et al, 2016). One case series utilised Angio Detect™ and Baermann coprology in addition to thoracic ultrasonography and radiography in dogs presenting with respiratory distress to participating practices (Venco et al, 2021).…”

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population included in the case series was restricted to dogs under 2 years of age presenting to one of three institutions (Venco et al, 2021). Insufficient information was provided to ascertain if referral bias existed as the level(s) of veterinary care provided by these institutions (i.e.…”

Section: Appraisal Application and Reflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can IDEXX Angio Detect™ accurately detect canine Angiostrongylosis?

Weir

Ireland

2021

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PICO question In dogs, is IDEXX Angio Detect™ as accurate as Baermann coprology when diagnosing Angiostrongylus vasorum infection? Clinical bottom line Category of research question Diagnosis The number and type of study designs reviewed Eight papers were critically reviewed: three diagnostic accuracy studies, two cross-sectional studies (one of which also included a retrospective case series), one cohort study, one case-control study, and one case series Strength of evidence Weak Outcomes reported Angio Detect™ (IDEXX) was shown to have low-moderate sensitivity and high specificity in comparison to Baermann coprology. Occasionally, false-negative results occurred with Angio Detect™ when compared to Baermann coprology. This was thought to be due to antigen-antibody complex formation. Positive Angio Detect™ assays were obtained in both symptomatic and asymptomatic canine patients. In an experimental setting, Angio Detect™ was shown to obtain a positive result five weeks post-inoculation Conclusion There is weak evidence supporting Angio Detect™ as a highly specific and moderately sensitive diagnostic test when compared to Baermann coprology How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.

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Utility of thoracic ultrasonography in a rapid diagnosis of angiostrongylosis in young dogs presenting with respiratory distress

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Control line failure in Angiostrongylus vasorum point‐of‐care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to suspected hook effect

Control line failure in Angiostrongylus vasorum point‐of‐care serology test in dogs with angiostrongylosis due to suspected hook effect

Comprehensive Map of Canine Angiostrongylosis in Dogs in Spain

Can IDEXX Angio Detect™ accurately detect canine Angiostrongylosis?

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