Functional cognitive disorder: dementia’s blind spot

Kapur, Narinder; Kemp, Steven; Baker, Gus A.

doi:10.1093/brain/awab008

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…This is area of on-going clinical characterisation. Kapur, Kemp & Baker (2021) have challenged Ball et al (2000) for overstating 'internal inconsistency' as a defining clinical feature of FCD, for insufficient consideration of the role of neuropsychological examination in differential diagnosis and for omitting to address the difference between FCD and feigning / exaggeration. Another recent review by McWhirter, Ritchie, Stone & Carson (2020 b ) suggested that this differentiation could not be reliably achieved with current effort tests / performance validation tests (PVTs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Cognitive Disorder: Differential Diagnosis of Common Clinical Presentations

Kemp

Kapur

Graham

et al. 2022

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology

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Background Cognitive symptoms in the absence of neurological disease are common. Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) has been conceptualized as a cognitive subtype of functional neurological disorder. Although FCD is understood as different from exaggerated or feigned cognitive complaints, previous accounts have provided little practical advice on how FCD can be separated from factitious or malingered cognitive complaints. Also, the distinction of FCD from other medical or mental health disorders that impact on cognition is an area of ongoing study and debate. Diagnostic precision is important to prevent iatrogenesis and for the development of needed treatment protocols. Method We summarize the current literature and present seven anonymized case vignettes to characterize the challenges in this area and develop proposals for solutions. Results/Conclusions Recognizing the limitations of categorical diagnostic systems, we position FCD as distinct from feigning and cognitive symptoms of psychiatric disorders, although with overlapping features. We set out typical clinical features and neuropsychological profiles for each category of cognitive disorder and a statistical method to analyze performance validity tests/effort tests to assist in determining feigned or invalid responding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%