Caring for Older Adults With Self-Reported Vision Impairment: Findings from the National Study of Caregiving

Varadaraj, Varshini; Swiatek, Kayla S.; Chung, Shang En; Ehrlich, Joshua R.; Assi, Lama; Wolff, Jennifer L.; Swenor, Bonnielin K.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.031

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Notwithstanding the empirical evidence that the endorsement of filial piety and care of elderly parents are more pronounced in Asian cultures (Löckenhoff et al, 2015), intergenerational care is also observed in Western societies. For instance, 80-90% of all care to elders in the United States is provided by family members (Westbrook, 1989;Moon et al, 2017;Varadaraj et al, 2021), and more than 50% are provided by their adult children (Ornstein et al, 2017). In addition, ∼75% of British elderly people receive some form of care (Henz, 2006)-from their adult children or spouses (Akgun-Citak et al, 2020).…”

Section: Filial Piety and Care For Elderly Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Dual Filial Piety Model in the United States: A Comparison of Filial Piety Between Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans

Lim¹,

Lau

Cheng

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The definition and measurement of filial piety in existing research primarily focuses on the narrow conceptualizations of Asian filial piety, which would inflate cultural differences and undermine cultural universals in how people approach caring for their elderly parents. Employing the Dual Filial Piety Model (DFPM), this study aimed to examine the relationship between filial piety and attitude toward caring for elderly parents beyond the Asian context. In our study (N = 276), we found that reciprocal filial piety (RFP) does not differ across cultures while authoritarian filial piety (AFP) does. We also found that collectivism, rather than ethnicity, predicted RFP and AFP, which in turn predicted positive attitude toward caring for elderly parents. Our work demonstrates the cross-cultural applicability of the DFPM and highlights the universal and culture-specific aspects of filial piety.

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Section: Filial Piety and Care For Elderly Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Dual Filial Piety Model in the United States: A Comparison of Filial Piety Between Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans

Lim¹,

Lau

Cheng

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…Self-reported vision impairment was defined based on participants or their proxies report on their vision status, including whether they were blind or had difficulty with distant or near vision when wearing glasses or contact lenses, as previously described. 23 These questions were asked prior to administering the objective vision tests.…”

Section: Self-reported Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision Impairment and Psychosocial Function in US Adults

Almidani,

Miller,

Varadaraj

et al. 2024

JAMA Ophthalmol

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ImportanceVision impairment and psychosocial function, including symptoms of depression and anxiety and social isolation, are a major cause of morbidity in the US. However, there is a lack of nationally representative studies assessing associations between both objective and subjective vision impairment with psychosocial function following the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo provide updated national estimates on the associations of vision impairment with depressive and anxiety symptoms and social isolation in US adults 65 years and older.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study round 9 (2019) and 11 (2021), a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older. Binocular distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity were tested. Objectively measured vision impairment was defined as having vision impairment in either distance visual acuity (worse than 20/40), near visual acuity (worse than 20/40), or contrast sensitivity (worse than 1.55 logCS). Self-reported vision impairment was defined based on participants’ report on their vision status. Data were analyzed in May 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDepressive and anxiety symptoms assessed via the Patient Health Questionnaire. Social isolation was defined based on living arrangement, communication frequency, and activity participation responses.ResultsAmong 2822 community-dwelling adults sampled from a population of 26 182 090, the mean (SD) age was 78.5 (5.6) years; 1605 individuals (54.7%) were female; 1077 (32.3%) had objectively measured vision impairment, and 203 (6.4%) had self-reported vision impairment. In adjusted models, all outcomes were significantly associated with objectively measured vision impairment, including depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.26-2.58), anxiety symptoms (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.13-2.67), and severe social isolation (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.05-3.87). Similarly, depressive symptoms (OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.44-3.88) and anxiety symptoms (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.09-4.05) but not severe social isolation symptoms (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 0.78-5.49) were significantly associated with self-reported vision impairment.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, vision impairment was associated with several psychosocial outcomes, including symptoms of depression and anxiety and social isolation. These findings provide evidence to support prioritizing research aimed at enhancing the health and inclusion of people with vision impairment.

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“…Many individuals living with visual impairment (VI) will receive regular support from family members or friends, sometimes referred to as ‘informal caregivers’ [ 3 ]. Large cross-sectional studies in Canada [ 4 ] and the USA [ 5 ] show that people with visual impairment (PVI) use significantly more informal home care than those without VI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What support do caregivers of people with visual impairment receive and require? An exploratory study of UK healthcare and charity professionals’ perspectives

Enoch

Dickinson

Subramanian

2021

Eye

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Background Previous research has established that some informal caregivers (relatives/friends) of people with visual impairment (PVI) may require support themselves. However, there is limited understanding of how healthcare services and sight charities in the UK currently support caregivers. This study was therefore conducted to explore what support, information, and advice healthcare and charity professionals (HCCPs) currently provide for caregivers, and which additional support HCCPs would recommend in order to benefit caregivers. Methods HCCPs filled out an online survey, distributed among UK-based professional bodies and charity partners. Of 104 individuals who consented to participate, 68 (65%) HCCPs completed the survey in September–November 2019. Participants responded to Likert-type questions about how they interact with and support caregivers of PVI. Thirty-eight (56%) participants provided responses to open-ended questions about improving support for caregivers; qualitative analysis was conducted using the Framework Method. Results The survey showed that caregiver support activities most commonly undertaken related to onward signposting (90% (95% CI: 82–97%) of participants), or providing information about low vision aids and adaptations (85% (95% CI: 77–94%)), compared to activities focused on broader caregiver wellbeing. In open-ended responses, HCCPs highlighted the difficulties caregivers face in navigating an under-resourced and complex system. They recommended improving coordination and accessibility of information, as well as provision of emotional support and tangible assistance such as respite care and financial support. Conclusions The study suggests that HCCPs perceive significant unmet needs among caregivers of PVI, and would welcome further resources, information, and training to support caregivers.

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Caring for Older Adults With Self-Reported Vision Impairment: Findings from the National Study of Caregiving

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Applying the Dual Filial Piety Model in the United States: A Comparison of Filial Piety Between Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans

Applying the Dual Filial Piety Model in the United States: A Comparison of Filial Piety Between Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans

Vision Impairment and Psychosocial Function in US Adults

What support do caregivers of people with visual impairment receive and require? An exploratory study of UK healthcare and charity professionals’ perspectives

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