An experimental intraradicular biofilm model in the pig for evaluating irrigation techniques

Tanaka, Toshinori; Yahata, Yoshio; Handa, Keisuke; Venkataiah, Venkata Suresh; Njuguna, Mary M.; Kanehira, Masafumi; Hasegawa, Tatsuya; Noiri, Yuichiro; Saito, Masahiro

doi:10.1186/s12903-021-01536-w

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…16 Others include interruption of molecular system of biofilm formation and irrigation techniques including passive ultrasonic, subsonic, or laseractivated irrigation for removal of root canal biofilms. 17,18 Among these techniques, the use of phagebased strategies was least emphasized, whereas they are economical and potentially modifiable. It is thus essential to discuss phages and bacterial biofilms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Biofilm Destruction: A Focused Review On The Recent Use of Phage-Based Strategies With Other Antibiofilm Agents

Amankwah¹,

Abdella²,

Kassa³

2021

NSA

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Biofilms are bacterial communities that live in association with biotic or abiotic surfaces and enclosed in an extracellular polymeric substance. Their formation on both biotic and abiotic surfaces, including human tissue and medical device surfaces, pose a major threat causing chronic infections. In addition, current antibiotics and antiseptic agents have shown limited ability to completely remove biofilms. In this review, the authors provide an overview on the formation of bacterial biofilms and its characteristics, burden and evolution with phages. Moreover, the most recent possible use of phages and phage-derived enzymes to combat bacteria in biofilm structures is elucidated. From the emerging results, it can be concluded that despite successful use of phages and phage-derived products in destroying biofilms, they are mostly not adequate to eradicate all bacterial cells. Nevertheless, a combined therapy with the use of phages and/or phage-derived products with other antimicrobial agents including antibiotics, nanoparticles, and antimicrobial peptides may be effective approaches to remove biofilms from medical device surfaces and to treat their associated infections in humans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Biofilm Destruction: A Focused Review On The Recent Use of Phage-Based Strategies With Other Antibiofilm Agents

Amankwah¹,

Abdella²,

Kassa³

2021

NSA

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“…Hence, non-contact bio lm removal techniques continue to need a more reliable retreatment protocol. We have previously reported an in vivo intraradicular bio lm model in the pig [17], which can closely replicate human bio lms in terms of morphology and microbiota, to evaluate the effectiveness of bio lm removal protocols and found that LAI is an effective intervention in this regard 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by a Tukey Kramer post-hoc test with an α value of 0.05 (BellCurve for Excel; Social Survey Research Information Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan) to detect signi cant differences in the bacterial populations. SEM sample preparation was conducted according to previously described methods [17,18]. Brie y, after resecting the tooth crown, the mesial and distal roots were separated with a diamond disc.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation for the removal of biofilm and observations of laser-induced cavitation behavior

Nagahashi

Yahata

Handa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundWe investigated the biofilm removal effects of LAI using a pig model, focusing on the impact of the fiber tip position, and used a high-speed camera to observe the occurrence and positioning of the cavitation associated with laser irradiation.MethodsA total of 16 roots of deciduous mandibular second premolars from 4 pigs were used. After a pulpectomy, the canals were left open for two weeks and sealed for 4 weeks to induce intraradicular biofilm. Then, root canal irrigation was performed with Er:YAG laser activation. The fiber tip was inserted at two different positions, i.e., into the root canal in the intracanal LAI group and into the pulp chamber in the coronal LAI group. Intracanal needle irrigation with saline or 5% NaOCl was utilized in the positive control and CNI groups. SEM and qPCR were carried out to evaluate treatment efficacy. For qPCR, ANOVA and a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were performed with α=0.05. A high-speed camera was used to observe the generation of cavitation bubbles and the movement of the induced bubbles after laser irradiation.ResultsThe intracanal and coronal LAI groups showed significantly lower amounts of bacteria than either the positive control or CNI groups. There was no significant difference found between the intracanal and coronal LAI groups. SEM images revealed opened dentinal tubules with the destruction of biofilm in both LAI groups. High-speed camera images demonstrated cavitation bubble production inside the root canal after a single pulse irradiation pulse. The generated bubbles moved throughout the entire internal multi-rooted tooth space.ConclusionsCoronal LAI can generate cavitation in the root canal with a simply placed fiber inside the pulp chamber, leading to effective biofilm removal. This method could thus contribute to the future development of endodontic treatments for refractory apical periodontitis caused by intraradicular biofilm.

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“…To induce intracanal bio lm is following the previously reported procedure [17]. Brie y, the occlusal surface was attened using a straight bur and electric engine (Ti-Max X95; NSK, Tochigi, Japan) to prevent tooth fracture and for the ease of working length determination.…”

Section: Page 4/13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Page 4/13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation for the removal of biofilm and observations of laser-induced cavitation behavior

Nagahashi

Yahata

Handa

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background We investigated the biofilm removal effects of LAI using a pig model, focusing on the impact of the fiber tip position, and used a high-speed camera to observe the occurrence and positioning of the cavitation associated with laser irradiation. Methods A total of 16 roots of deciduous mandibular second premolars from 4 pigs were used. After a pulpectomy, the canals were left open for two weeks and sealed for 4 weeks to induce intraradicular biofilm. Then, root canal irrigation was performed with Er:YAG laser activation. The fiber tip was inserted at two different positions, i.e., into the root canal in the intracanal LAI group and into the pulp chamber in the coronal LAI group. Intracanal needle irrigation with saline or 5% NaOCl was utilized in the positive control and CNI groups. SEM and qPCR were carried out to evaluate treatment efficacy. For qPCR, ANOVA and a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were performed with α = 0.05. A high-speed camera was used to observe the generation of cavitation bubbles and the movement of the induced bubbles after laser irradiation. Results The intracanal and coronal LAI groups showed significantly lower amounts of bacteria than either the positive control or CNI groups. There was no significant difference found between the intracanal and coronal LAI groups. SEM images revealed opened dentinal tubules with the destruction of biofilm in both LAI groups. High-speed camera images demonstrated cavitation bubble production inside the root canal after a single pulse irradiation pulse. The generated bubbles moved throughout the entire internal multi-rooted tooth space. Conclusions Coronal LAI can generate cavitation in the root canal with a simply placed fiber inside the pulp chamber, leading to effective biofilm removal. This method could thus contribute to the future development of endodontic treatments for refractory apical periodontitis caused by intraradicular biofilm.

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An experimental intraradicular biofilm model in the pig for evaluating irrigation techniques

Cited by 9 publications

References 68 publications

Bacterial Biofilm Destruction: A Focused Review On The Recent Use of Phage-Based Strategies With Other Antibiofilm Agents

Bacterial Biofilm Destruction: A Focused Review On The Recent Use of Phage-Based Strategies With Other Antibiofilm Agents

Investigation of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation for the removal of biofilm and observations of laser-induced cavitation behavior

Investigation of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation for the removal of biofilm and observations of laser-induced cavitation behavior

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