Triterpenes and Phenolic Compounds from the Fungus Fuscoporia torulosa: Isolation, Structure Determination and Biological Activity

Abstract

Investigation of the methanol extract of the poroid fungus Fuscoporia torulosa resulted in the isolation of a novel triterpene, fuscoporic acid (1), together with inoscavin A and its previously undescribed Z isomer (2 and 3), 3,4-dihydroxy-benzaldehide (4), osmundacetone (5), senexdiolic acid (6), natalic acid (7), and ergosta-7,22-diene-3-one (8). The structures of fungal compounds were determined on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses, as well as molecular modeling studies. Compounds 1, 6–8 were examined for their antibacterial properties on resistant clinical isolates, and cytotoxic activity on human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Compound 8 was effective against Colo 205 (IC50 11.65 ± 1.67 µM), Colo 320 (IC50 8.43 ± 1.1 µM) and MRC-5 (IC50 7.92 ± 1.42 µM) cell lines. Potentially synergistic relationship was investigated between 8 and doxorubicin, which revealed a synergism between the examined compounds with a combination index (CI) at the 50% growth inhibition dose (ED50) of 0.521 ± 0.15. Several compounds (1 and 6–8) were tested for P-glycoprotein modulatory effect in Colo 320 resistant cancer cells, but none of the compounds proved to be effective in this assay. Fungal metabolites 2–5 were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and DPPH assays. Compounds 4 and 5 were found to have a considerable antioxidant effect with EC50 0.25 ± 0.01 (DPPH) and 12.20 ± 0.92 mmol TE/g (ORAC). The current article provides valuable information on both the chemical and pharmacological profiles of Fuscoporia torulosa, paving the way for future studies with this species.

Antioxidant properties of fortified yogurt with medicinal mushrooms from Phellinus species

“…CWEs possessed lower scavenging activity, with P. torulosus as more efficient ABTS scavenger. Reports for the chemical composition of methanol extracts of P. torulosus revealed that phenolic compounds (mostly 3,4‐dihydroxy‐benzaldehide and osmundacetone) possess the most potent DPPH scavenging potentials (Béni et al, 2021). However, it seems that in HWEs, additional scavengers are present since published results for DPPH radical scavenging activity of P. igniarius , P. nigricans , and P. linteus have weaker correlation with their phenolic content, when compared with their ethanolic extracts (Thammavong et al, 2021).…”

Triterpenes from Pholiota populnea as Cytotoxic Agents and Chemosensitizers to Overcome Multidrug Resistance of Cancer Cells

“… 7 The fungal metabolite ergosta-7,22-diene-3-one was found to be effective against sensitive (Colo 205) and resistant (Colo 320) human colon adenocarcinoma cells with IC 50 values 11.6 ± 1.7 μM and 8.4 ± 1.1 μM, respectively, and in a combination assay synergism was detected between ergosta-7,22-diene-3-one and doxorubicin with CI index 0.521 ± 0.15 at the 50% growth inhibition dose (ED 50 ). 8 …”

“…Compounds 1−6 were inactive against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 14028s, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and S. aureus 27213 8. …”

Pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling studies of osmundacetone in rats by UPLC–MS/MS and UPLC–QE–Orbitrap–HRMS

“…The literature shows that O. japonica possesses a variety of biological activities, especially its antioxidant capacity, which showed excellent performance in the β-carotene-linoleic acid test, the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the ABTS cation radical scavenging assay and the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay and good metal-chelating activity in the Fe 2+ assay (Beni et al, 2021). It has also been proven to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in animal studies.…”