Leading Factors for Weight Gain during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sánchez, Enric; Lecube, Albert; Guerrero, Diego Bellido; Monereo, Susana; Malagón, Marı́a M.; Tinahones, Francisco J.

doi:10.3390/nu13030894

Cited by 50 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Gender is not a consistent predictor of weight gain during COVID-19 self-quarantine, with some studies reporting no gender differences [12,27,37], while others report increased weight gain in women [10,21,25]. Using a Spanish sample, researchers reported that the most critical factor related to weight gain was the female gender, with 58% of women versus 46% of men reporting weight gain during COVID-19 selfquarantine [21]. During COVID-19 self-quarantine, females may have a higher risk than males of atypical sleep levels [72].…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports that ran regression models to determine predictors of weight gain during COVID-19 self-quarantine found that both increased television viewing and time spent in sedentary behaviors predicted weight gain [ 8 , 10 , 19 , 20 ]. For instance, in a Spanish sample ( n = 1000), those who gained weight reported that one of the top reasons was decreased physical activity [ 21 ]. Additionally, in a study of 700 Chileans, it was shown that more than 6 hours per day of sedentary time predicted weight gain (OR: 1.85, p = 0.01) while active breaks were associated with weight loss (OR: 0.72, p = 0.04) during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 8 ].…”

Section: Physical Activity Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems, however, that controlling total food intake during the COVID-19 pandemic has been problematic. Many studies show that those who gained weight during quarantine reported greater overall food intake [ 12 , 21 , 25 , 28 ]. Additionally, the diet quality of those who gained weight has changed negatively [ 21 , 25 , 32 ].…”

Section: Dietary Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies show that those who gained weight during quarantine reported greater overall food intake [ 12 , 21 , 25 , 28 ]. Additionally, the diet quality of those who gained weight has changed negatively [ 21 , 25 , 32 ]. For instance, decreases in fruit and vegetable consumption [ 16 , 25 ] and increases in sugary drink consumption [ 21 , 25 ], as well as increased processed foods [ 21 , 25 ], have all been reported within those who have gained weight during COVID-19 self-quarantine.…”

Section: Dietary Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 Self-quarantine and Weight Gain Risk Factors in Adults

Zachary

2021

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of Review The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with weight gain in certain individuals. This review highlights the risk factors for weight gain during COVID-19 self-quarantine in adults. Recent Findings Among those who have gained weight during COVID-19 self-quarantine, self-reported body weight has increased between .5 and 1.8 kg (± 2.8 kg) after just 2 months of quarantine. Identified risk factors for weight gain during COVID-19 self-quarantine are the following: increased sedentary behaviors, decreased physical activity, increased snacking frequency (particularly after dinner), increased alcohol intake, decreased water intake, emotional eating, decreased sleep quality, and being overweight/obese. Summary Having identified risk factors for weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic, practitioners and researchers should devise plans to assist those who have gained weight to re-learn weight management/weight loss strategies.

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Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Activity Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 Self-quarantine and Weight Gain Risk Factors in Adults

Zachary

2021

Curr Obes Rep

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“…Previous studies commonly categorised weight gain as an increase greater than 5% of body weight from baseline, 10% for greater increases, 11 or categorised weight gain as an increase of approximately 3 kg above baseline. 12 13 Based on our study population with a mean baseline body weight of 52.3±9.5 (mean±SD), weight change was classified as no significant change (−0.9 to 0.9 kg), mild decrease (−3.9 to −1.0 kg), moderate decrease (−6.9 to −4.0 kg), major decrease (≤−7.0 kg), mild increase (1.0 to 3.9 kg), moderate increase (4.0-6.9 kg) and major increase (≥7.0 kg).…”

Section: Weight Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Weight gain in Chinese youth during a 4-month COVID-19 lockdown: a retrospective observational study

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesTo observe the weight change in Chinese youth during a 4-month COVID-19 lockdown, and the association between weight change and mental health, physical activity and sedentary time changes, and dietary habits.DesignA retrospective observational study.SettingsTwo universities located in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces, China.ParticipantsThis study enrolled 12 889 college students whose body weight was measured before the lockdown (1 December 2019–20 January 2020) at the two universities, and reported their weight measured at home or community after the end of the lockdown (1–23 May 2020) via an online follow-up questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the weight change in Chinese youth during a 4-month lockdown resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary outcomes were the relationships of weight change to COVID-19-related stress, depression, anxiety, physical activity and sedentary time changes, and dietary habits.ResultsParticipants’ ages ranged from 17 to 27 years (M=19, SD=1) with 80.2% identified as female. The average absolute and relative changes in body weight were 2.6 (95% CI 2.0 to 3.2)) kg and 4.2% (95% CI 4.0% to 4.3%) for men, and 2.1 (1.9 to 2.4) kg and 4.2% (95% CI 3.9% to 4.4%) for women. An increase in overweight and obese individuals according to Asian cut-off points as a demographic percentage by 4.5% and 2.7% and 4.8% and 3.4% in men and women, respectively (P<0.001), was observed. Weight gain was significantly associated with increased sedentary time and an increase in COVID-19-related stress and depression score.ConclusionThe present study’s results suggest that the risk of weight gain in Chinese youth during the lockdown increased and that strategies to decrease sedentary time and improve mental health may be warranted to mitigate weight gain during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Frailty after COVID‐19: The wave after?

2023

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The COVID‐19 pandemic poses an ongoing public health challenge, with a focus on older adults. Given the large number of older persons who have recovered from COVID‐19 and reports of long‐lasting sequelae, there is reasonable concern that the COVID‐19 pandemic may lead to a long‐term deterioration in the health of older adults, i.e., a potential “wave of frailty.” Therefore, it is critical to better understand the circumstances surrounding the development of frailty as a result of COVID‐19, as well as the underlying mechanisms and factors contributing to this development. We conducted a narrative review of the most relevant articles published on the association between COVID‐19 and frailty through January 2023. Although few studies to date have addressed the effects of COVID‐19 on the onset and progression of frailty, the available data suggest that there is indeed an increase in frailty in the elderly as a result of COVID‐19. Regarding the underlying mechanisms, a multicausal genesis can be assumed, involving both direct viral effects and indirect effects, particularly from the imposed lockdowns with devastating consequences for the elderly: decreased physical activity, altered diet, sarcopenia, fatigue, social isolation, neurological problems, inflammation, and cardiovascular morbidity are among the possible mediators. Since the COVID‐19 pandemic is leading to an increase in frailty in the elderly, there is an urgent need to raise awareness of this still little‐known problem of potentially great public health importance and to find appropriate prevention and treatment measures.

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Leading Factors for Weight Gain during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

COVID-19 Self-quarantine and Weight Gain Risk Factors in Adults

COVID-19 Self-quarantine and Weight Gain Risk Factors in Adults

Weight gain in Chinese youth during a 4-month COVID-19 lockdown: a retrospective observational study

Frailty after COVID‐19: The wave after?

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