Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Weight Reduction in Behavioural Interventions—A Pooled Analysis

Holzapfel, Christina; Sag, Sabine; Graf-Schindler, Johanna; Fischer, Marcus; Drabsch, Theresa; Illig, Thomas; Grallert, Harald; Stecher, Lynne; Strack, Christina; Caterson, Ian D.; Jebb, Susan A.; Hauner, Hans; Baessler, Andrea

doi:10.3390/nu13030819

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Accounting for the influence of genetic variation on adiposity change may provide opportunities to personalise obesity prevention and treatment 69, 70 . While several studies have investigated the association between BMIrelated genetic variants and weight loss guided by medical 71 , surgical 72, 73 , dietary 74 , or behavioural 71, 75–77 interventions, results are inconsistent across studies, intervention types, and genes assessed. Given our evidence that the genetic basis of adiposity change is distinct from baseline levels, we hypothesise that genetic variants associated with longitudinal weight trajectories may be better predictors of long-term weight change following treatment or lifestyle interventions than variants associated with baseline BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic architecture of changes in adiposity during adulthood

Venkatesh

Ganjgahi

Palmer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Obesity is a heritable disease, characterised by excess adiposity that is measured by body mass index (BMI). While over 1,000 genetic loci are associated with BMI, less is known about the genetic contribution to adiposity trajectories over adulthood. We derive adiposity-change phenotypes from 1.5 million primary-care health records in over 177,000 individuals in UK Biobank to study the genetic architecture of weight-change. Using multiple BMI measurements over time increases power to identify genetic factors affecting baseline BMI. In the largest reported genome-wide study of adiposity-change in adulthood, we identify novel associations with BMI-change at six independent loci, including rs429358 (a missense variant in APOE). The SNP-based heritability of BMI-change (1.98%) is 9-fold lower than that of BMI, and higher in women than in men. The modest genetic correlation between BMI-change and BMI (45.2%) indicates that genetic studies of longitudinal trajectories could uncover novel biology driving quantitative trait values in adulthood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetic architecture of changes in adiposity during adulthood

Venkatesh

Ganjgahi

Palmer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Therefore, the association of the minor risk allele in the MC4R gene (A risk allele in rs571312 and C risk allele in rs17782313) with a higher weight loss and higher BMI loss presented a combined effect of dieting and training. Interestingly, this experiment did not detect any evidence for the SNPs to be associated with fat mass reduction [ 33 ]. Many other publications highlight that diets themselves are beneficial for weight loss in individuals possessing certain genotypes [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Study of Exercise-Induced Fat Loss Efficiency

Bojarczuk

Boulygina

Dzitkowska-Zabielska

et al. 2022

Genes

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There is a wide range of individual variability in the change of body weight in response to exercise, and this variability partly depends on genetic factors. The study aimed to determine DNA polymorphisms associated with fat loss efficiency in untrained women with normal weight in response to a 12-week aerobic training program using the GWAS approach, followed by a cross-sectional study in athletes. The study involved 126 untrained young Polish women (age 21.4 ± 1.7 years; body mass index (BMI): 21.7 (2.4) kg/m2) and 550 Russian athletes (229 women, age 23.0 ± 4.1; 321 men, age 23.9 ± 4.7). We identified one genome-wide significant polymorphism (rs116143768) located in the ACSL1 gene (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1, implicated in fatty acid oxidation), with a rare T allele associated with higher fat loss efficiency in Polish women (fat mass decrease: CC genotype (n = 122) −3.8%; CT genotype (n = 4) −31.4%; p = 1.18 × 10−9). Furthermore, male athletes with the T allele (n = 7) had significantly lower BMI (22.1 (3.1) vs. 25.3 (4.2) kg/m2, p = 0.046) than subjects with the CC genotype (n = 314). In conclusion, we have shown that the rs116143768 T allele of the ACSL1 gene is associated with higher fat loss efficiency in response to aerobic training in untrained women and lower BMI in physically active men.

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“…The authors concluded that reducing the amount of carbohydrate intake by increasing the proportion of protein and fat intake may have a positive effect on BMI and T2DM [22 ▪▪ ]. Nevertheless, no association between genetic polymorphisms and dietary intake and its effect on weight loss could be found so far [15,23 ▪ ,24 ▪ ].…”

Section: Carbohydrates and Treatment Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate intake – current knowledge on weight management

Bayer¹,

Holzapfel²

2022

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Carbohydrates are the main contributor to daily energy intake and, thus, might play an essential role in the development and treatment of obesity. This nonsystematic literature overview summarized current knowledge about the association between carbohydrate intake (quantity and quality) and weight management. Recent findings There is scientific evidence for the association between the quality of carbohydrates and body weight or metabolic parameters (e.g. fasting glucose). Thus, dietary intake of high-quality carbohydrates should be preferred over food with a low carbohydrate quality. In contrast, heterogeneous data are available for the association between the amount of carbohydrate intake and anthropometric parameters (e.g. body weight, body fat). Regulation of dietary intake and body weight is complex. For instance, gene-diet interactions might play a role in carbohydrate intake and metabolism. Summary There is evidence for the association between intake of high-quality carbohydrates and body weight. However, for the treatment of obesity, a negative energy balance is crucial. The success in weight loss was independent of the quantity and quality of carbohydrate intake. To sum up, recently published literature does not change the current opinion about carbohydrate intake and obesity.

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Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Weight Reduction in Behavioural Interventions—A Pooled Analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

The genetic architecture of changes in adiposity during adulthood

The genetic architecture of changes in adiposity during adulthood

Genome-Wide Association Study of Exercise-Induced Fat Loss Efficiency

Carbohydrate intake – current knowledge on weight management

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