HIV epidemic in fishing communities in Uganda: A scoping review

Musumari, Patou Masika; Techasrivichien, Teeranee; Srithanaviboonchai, Kriengkrai; Wanyenze, Rhoda K.; Matovu, Joseph K. B.; Poudyal, Hemant; Suguimoto, S. Pilar; Zamani, Saman; Tangmunkongvorakul, Arunrat; Ono-Kihara, Masako; Kihara, Masahiro

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249465

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…However, our results showed that women in the Southern part were less likely to encounter HIV risk factors yet the region has several fishing communities. The finding deviates from previous studies that have labelled such fishing communities as HIV/AIDS hotspots due to various unique risky behaviours in such communities [ 3 , 38 ]. Region and place of residence have been reported in other studies to be associated with multiple sex partners [ 36 ], inconsistent condom use [ 39 ], STIs [ 39 ], and transactional sex [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone: a 2019 nationwide survey

Kawuki

Kamara

Sserwanja³

2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background and aim For over 40 years of the HIV/AIDS global epidemic, no effective cure nor vaccine is yet available, making the current control strategies focused on curbing new infections through risk reduction. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV risk factors and their associated socio-demographics among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone. Methods We used weighted data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (SLDHS) of 2019 for 12,005 women aged 15–49 years. Multistage sampling was used to select study participants. Exposure to HIV risk factors was considered if a woman reported at least one of the following; having multiple sexual partners, transactional sex, non-condom use for the unmarried, and having other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We, then, conducted multivariable logistic regression to explore the associated socio-demographics. All the analyses were done using SPSS (version 25). Results Of the 12,005 women, 38.1% (4577/12005) (95% confidence interval (CI) 37.3–39.0) had at least one of the four risk factors. Women of 15 to 19 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.34, 95% CI 1.00–1.80) and 20 to 34 years (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.49) had more odds of having HIV risk factors compared to those of 35 to 49 years. Urban residents (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.17–1.89) and those from the Northwestern region (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.26–2.60) were also more likely to encounter HIV risk factors compared to their respective counterparts. Moreover, unmarried women (AOR = 111.17, 95% CI 87.55–141.18) and those working (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.14–1.67) also had higher odds of having HIV risk factors, compared to their respective counterparts. Sex of household head and parity were also significant associates. Conclusions More than a third of women in Sierra Leone had encountered at least one HIV risk factor, and this was associated with age, place of residence, region, marital status, working status, household head and parity. There is a need for strengthening HIV/AIDS education programs, laws and policies targeting the young, working, unmarried and urban-resident women.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone: a 2019 nationwide survey

Kawuki

Kamara

Sserwanja³

2022

BMC Infect Dis

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“…However, our results showed that women in the Southern part were less likely to encounter HIV risk factors yet the region has several shing communities. The nding deviates from previous studies that have labelled such shing communities as HIV/AIDS hotspots due to various unique risky behaviours in such communities [3,34]. Region and place of residence have been reported in other studies to be associated with multiple sex partners [32], condom use [35], STIs [35], and transactional sex [33].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Burden of Risk Factors For Human Immunodeficient Virus Among Women of Reproductive Age In Sierra Leone: A 2019 Nationwide Survey

Kawuki

Kamara²,

Sserwanja³

2021

Preprint

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Background and aim: For over 40 years of the HIV/AIDS global epidemic, no effective cure nor vaccine is yet available, making the current control strategies focused on curbing new infections through risk reduction. The study aimed to determine the burden (prevalence) of HIV risk factors and their associated socio-demographics among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone. Methods: We used weighted data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (SLDHS) of 2019 for 12,005 women aged 15-49 years. Multistage sampling was used to select study participants. Exposure to HIV risk factors was considered if a woman reported at least one of the following; having multiple sexual partners, transactional sex, non-condom use for the unmarried, and having other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We, then, conducted multivariable logistic regression to explore the associated socio-demographics. All the analyses were done using SPSS (version 25). Results: Of the 12,005 women, 38.1% (4577/12005) (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.3-39.0) had at least one of the four risk factors. Women of 15 to 19 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.34, 95% CI: 1.00-1.80) and 20 to 34 years (AOR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.05-1.49) had more odds of having HIV risk factors compared to those of 35 to 49 years. Urban residents (AOR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.17-1.89) and those from the Northwestern region (AOR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.26-2.60) were also more likely to encounter HIV risk factors compared to their respective counterparts. Moreover, unmarried women (AOR=111.17, 95% CI: 87.55-141.18) and those working (AOR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.14-1.67) also had higher odds of having HIV risk factors, compared to their respective counterparts. Sex of household head and parity were also significant associates.Conclusions: More than a third of women in Sierra Leone had encountered at least one HIV risk factor, and this was associated with age, place of residence, region, marital status, working status, household head and parity. There is a need for strengthening HIV/AIDS education programs, laws and policies targeting the young, working, unmarried and urban-resident women.

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“…As is often the case in these FCs, majority of study participants had lower levels of education, not having formally studied beyond 7 years. 39 Education is related to access to maternal health services. 40 , 41 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving access to maternal health services among rural hard-to-reach fishing communities in Uganda, the role of community health workers

Ssetaala

Ssempiira

Wambuzi

et al. 2022

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Objectives: To explore whether community health worker household-based maternal health visits improve antenatal care and skilled birth attendance among hard-to-reach fishing villages on Lake Victoria, Uganda. Methods: This quasi-experimental 18-month prospective study involved 486 consenting women aged 15–49 years, who were pregnant or had a pregnancy outcome in the past 6 months, from 6 island fishing communities. The community health worker household-based intervention (community health workers’ household visits to provide counseling, blood pressure measurement, anemia, and HIV testing) involved 243 women from three fishing communities. Random effects logistic regression was used to determine the association between the community health worker intervention and antenatal care and skilled birth attendance among women who had at least 5 months of pregnancy or childbirth at follow-up. Results: Almost all women accepted the community health worker intervention (90.9% (221/243)). Hypertension was at 12.5% (27/216) among those who accepted blood pressure measurements, a third (33.3% (9/27)) were pregnant. HIV prevalence was 23.5% (52/221). Over a third (34.2% (69/202)) of women tested had anemia (hemoglobin levels less than 11 g/dL). The community health worker intervention was associated with attendance of first antenatal care visit within 20 weeks of pregnancy (adjusted odd ratio = 2.1 (95% confidence interval 0.6–7.6)), attendance of at least four antenatal care visits (adjusted odd ratio = 0.9 (95% confidence interval 0.4–2.0)), and skilled birth attendance (adjusted odd ratio = 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.1–1.5)), though not statistically significant. Conclusion: Community health workers have a crucial role in improving early antenatal care attendance, early community-based diagnosis of anemia, hypertensive disorders, and HIV among women in these hard-to-reach fishing communities.

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HIV epidemic in fishing communities in Uganda: A scoping review

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Prevalence of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone: a 2019 nationwide survey

Prevalence of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone: a 2019 nationwide survey

Burden of Risk Factors For Human Immunodeficient Virus Among Women of Reproductive Age In Sierra Leone: A 2019 Nationwide Survey

Improving access to maternal health services among rural hard-to-reach fishing communities in Uganda, the role of community health workers

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