Convalescent plasma treatment of critically ill intensive care <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 patients

Lindemann, Monika; Lenz, Veronika; Knop, Dietmar; Klump, Hannes; Alt, Mira; Aufderhorst, Ulrich Wilhelm; Schipper, Leonie; Schwarzkopf, Sina; Meller, Lara; Steckel, Nina K.; Koldehoff, Michael; Heinold, Andreas; Heinemann, Falko M.; Fischer, Johannes C.; Hutschenreuter, Gabriele; Knabbe, Cornelius; Dolff, Sebastian; Brenner, Thorsten; Dittmer, Ulf; Witzke, Oliver; Herbstreit, Frank; Horn, Peter A.; Krawczyk, Adalbert

doi:10.1111/trf.16392

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The neutralization capacity of aqueous turmeric root extract, curcumin-containing nutritional supplement capsules, and pure curcumin were determined in cell culture by endpoint dilution as described previously [23]. For this purpose, serial twofold dilutions of turmeric root extract (1:8-1:1024), nutritional supplement capsules (468.8-3.7 µg/mL), and curcumin (125-1 µg/mL) were pre-incubated with 100 TCID 50 of SARS-CoV-2 for one hour at 37 • C and subsequently incubated on confluent Vero E6 cells grown on 96-well microtiter plates.…”

Section: Neutralization Assay On Vero E6 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Bormann

Alt

Schipper

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The availability of effective and well-tolerated antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients is still very limited. Traditional herbal medicines elicit antiviral activity against various viruses and might therefore represent a promising option for the complementary treatment of COVID-19 patients. The application of turmeric root in herbal medicine has a very long history. Its bioactive ingredient curcumin shows a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of aqueous turmeric root extract, the dissolved content of a curcumin-containing nutritional supplement capsule, and pure curcumin against SARS-CoV-2. Turmeric root extract, dissolved turmeric capsule content, and pure curcumin effectively neutralized SARS-CoV-2 at subtoxic concentrations in Vero E6 and human Calu-3 cells. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in cell culture supernatants. Our data uncover curcumin as a promising compound for complementary COVID-19 treatment. Curcumin concentrations contained in turmeric root or capsules used as nutritional supplements completely neutralized SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Our data argue in favor of appropriate and carefully monitored clinical studies that vigorously test the effectiveness of complementary treatment of COVID-19 patients with curcumin-containing products.

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Section: Neutralization Assay On Vero E6 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Bormann

Alt

Schipper

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…For example, high antibody titres were already found prior to administration of plasma in severely ill COVID-19 patients who were treated with plasma on day 12 on average after the onset of symptoms. These titres were sometimes even higher than the titres of the employed plasma [62].…”

Section: Convalescent Plasmamentioning

confidence: 72%

Recent Antiviral Treatment and Vaccination Strategies Against SARS-CoV-2

Bormann

Sand

Witzke

et al. 2021

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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Since the end of 2019, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading worldwide and has caused severe health and economic issues on a global scale. By the end of February 2021, more than 100 million SARS-CoV-2 cases had been reported worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that can be divided into three phases: An early phase with fever and cough (phase I), a pulmonary vascular disease (phase II) and a hyperinflammatory syndrome (phase III). Since viral replication plays a particularly important role in the early stage of the disease and the patientʼs immune system in the later course of infection, different therapeutic options arise depending on the stage of the disease. The antiviral nucleoside analogue remdesivir is the only antiviral compound with conditional approval in the European Union. Treatment with remdesivir should be initiated early (within the first seven days of symptom onset) in patients receiving supplemental oxygen without invasive ventilation. In turn, the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid dexamethasone should be administered later in the course of disease in patients receiving oxygen therapy. Since autopsies indicate an increased frequency of thromboembolic events due to COVID-19, additional treatment with anticoagulants is recommended. Since the development of novel antivirals may take years, the application of convalescent plasma from patients who recovered from a SARS-CoV-2 infection for the treatment of COVID-19 is reasonable. However, large-scale studies indicated low efficacy of convalescent plasma. Furthermore, vaccination of the population is essential to control the pandemic. Currently, the mRNA vaccine Tozinameran from BioNTech and Pfizer, the mRNA-1273 vaccine from Moderna as well as the vector vaccine AZD1222 from AstraZeneca are licensed in the European Union. All three vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy in large clinical trials. In addition to these licensed vaccines, many others are being tested in clinical trials. In the present article, an overview of therapeutic options for COVID-19 as well as vaccines for protection against SARS-CoV-2 is provided.

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“…The neutralizing capability of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was quantified using a previously described method [44,45]. The SARS-CoV-2 wild-type virus used in this study was isolated from a COVID-19 patient in April 2020 and included the D614G mutation.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Neutralization Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of Humoral Responses 6 Months after Vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) in Patients on Hemodialysis

et al. 2022

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This study analyzed binding and neutralizing antibody titers up to 6 months after standard vaccination with BNT162b2 (two doses of 30 µg each) in SARS-CoV-2 naïve patients (n = 59) on hemodialysis. Humoral vaccine responses were measured before and 6, 12, and 24 weeks after the first vaccination. A chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) was used to quantify SARS-CoV-2 IgG against the spike glycoprotein. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity was tested against the wild-type virus. A multivariable binary regression model was used to identify risk factors for the absence of humoral immune responses at 6 months. At week 6, vaccine-specific seroconversion was detected in 96.6% of all patients with median anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs of 918 BAU/mL. At weeks 12 and 24, seroconversion rates decreased to 91.5% and 79.7%, and corresponding median binding antibody titers declined to 298 BAU/mL and 89 BAU/mL, respectively. Neutralizing antibodies showed a decay from 79.6% at week 6 to 32.8% at week 24. The risk factor with the strongest association for vanishing immune responses was low serum albumin (p = 0.018). Regarding vaccine-specific humoral responses 6 months after the standard BNT162b2 vaccination schedule, SARS-CoV-2 naïve patients receiving hemodialysis must be considered at risk of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 and being infectious.

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Convalescent plasma treatment of critically ill intensive care COVID‐19 patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

Recent Antiviral Treatment and Vaccination Strategies Against SARS-CoV-2

Decline of Humoral Responses 6 Months after Vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) in Patients on Hemodialysis

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