Lead concentrations in breast milk of Moroccan nursing mothers and associated factors of exposure: CONTAMILK STUDY

Cherkani-Hassani, Abha; Slaoui, Meriem; Ghanname, Imane; Mojemmi, Brahim; Eljaoudi, Rachid; Belhaj, Abdelilah; Kers, Brahim; Flayou, Majda; Mouane, Nezha

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2021.103629

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Different results have also been reported in the same Country (Italy and Greece in Mediterranean area 32 and in 15 chinese cities 33 . demonstrating the need to carry out, if necessary, a specific biomonitoring in the geographical areas considered to be at greatest environmental risk.…”

Section: Metalsmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Chemical contaminants in breast milk: a brief critical overview

2022

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Section: Metalsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The determination of lead in breast milk in Moroccan women has, for example, highlighted a mean values of 23.08 μg / L with a very wide range (1.38 -515.39). Moreover, about 80% of the samples had a Pb content higher than 5 μg / L which is considered the MTL 32 .…”

Section: Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical contaminants in breast milk: a brief critical overview

2022

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“…Considering food consumption, other authors found that intake of cereals, fish 28 , red meat, cheese, rice 17 , coffee, and dairy products 29 affects Pb content in HM. In turn, Nassir et al 30 and Cherkani-Hassani et al 15 reported that the milk of mothers who consume well water had a lower concentration of Pb in comparison to those who used tap water for drinking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, we estimated the exposure to essential and non-essential elements. The calculation was based on elements’ concentrations in HM, infants’ weight, and consumed daily milk volume 15 , the equation was as follows: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential and non-essential element concentrations in human milk samples and the assessment of infants’ exposure

Bzikowska-Jura,

Wesołowska,

Sobieraj

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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As the data concerning element concentrations in human milk (HM) samples and their intake by infants are lacking in Poland, the present study aimed to explore this issue. The material consisted of HM samples obtained from 30 exclusively breastfeeding mothers during 4–6 weeks postpartum. Additionally, to identify the factors that may potentially affect HM composition, information regarding maternal data (anthropometry, body composition, and diet) was also collected. Maternal diet was assessed with two methods—a food frequency questionnaire and 3-day dietary records. In total, 18 essential and non-essential elements were determined. For the elements analysis, we used inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry. Most of the elements (n = 11, 61%) were detected in all HM samples. In all HM samples tin concentration was higher (5.67 ± 2.39 μg/L) than the usual range reported by the World Health Organization (~ 1.0 μg/L). HM cadmium content was positively associated with maternal salty snacks intake (r = 0.502, p = 0.005), arsenic with whole-grain products intake (r = 0.37, p = 0.043), and mercury concentration with fruits and seeds/nuts consumption (r = 0.424, p = 0.042 and r = 0.378, p = 0.039, respectively). Higher HM lead concentration was predicted by maternal age (95% CI [0.94–0.97]), intake of fish (95% CI [1.01–1.03]), and vegetables (95% CI [1.02–1.06]). The highest infants’ intake was observed for copper (35.24 ± 12.48) and the lowest for arsenic (0.076 ± 0.102). Infants’ exposure to lead was associated with maternal frequency consumption of canned fish (p = 0.0045). There is a need to perform further research on this topic to maximize the benefits of breastfeeding by minimizing maternal and infant exposure to potentially toxic elements.

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“…Lead exposure primarily occurs through ingesting tainted food or water, or inhaling Pb-contaminated air [ 4 , 5 ]. After being absorbed, Pb is conjugated with glutathione in the liver and distributed between blood and tissues, and a small amount is excreted by the kidneys, so Pb builds up in various body tissues and harms a variety of macromolecules and organelles [ 6 , 7 ]. Epidemiological studies conducted on workers exposed to Pb indicate a connection between Pb exposure and the induction of certain liver enzymes, increased plasma cholesterol levels, disrupted glucose homeostasis, and thickening of the gallbladder wall [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subacute Exposure to Low Pb Doses Promotes Oxidative Stress in the Kidneys and Copper Disturbances in the Liver of Male Rats

Javorac

Djordjevic

Anđelković

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Recent data indicate that lead (Pb) can induce adverse effects even at low exposure levels. Moreover, the corresponding mechanisms of low Pb toxicity have not been well identified. In the liver and the kidneys, Pb was found to induce various toxic mechanisms leading to organ physiological disruption. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to simulate low-dose Pb exposure in an animal model with the aim of assessing oxidative status and essential element levels as the main mechanism of Pb toxicity in the liver and kidneys. Furthermore, dose–response modelling was performed in order to determine the benchmark dose (BMD). Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: one control group, and six groups treated for 28 days with 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 7, and 15 mg Pb/kg b.w./day, respectively. Oxidative status parameters (superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), superoxide anion radical (O2−), malondialdehyde (MDA), total sulfhydryl groups (SHG), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)) and Pb, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) levels were measured. Lowering Cu levels (BMD: 2.7 ng/kg b.w./day), raising AOPP levels (BMD: 0.25 µg/kg b.w./day) in the liver, and inhibiting SOD (BMD: 1.3 ng/kg b.w./day) in the kidneys appear to be the main mechanisms of Pb toxicity. The lowest BMD was derived for a decrease in Cu levels in liver, indicating that this effect is the most sensitive.

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Lead concentrations in breast milk of Moroccan nursing mothers and associated factors of exposure: CONTAMILK STUDY

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Chemical contaminants in breast milk: a brief critical overview

Chemical contaminants in breast milk: a brief critical overview

Essential and non-essential element concentrations in human milk samples and the assessment of infants’ exposure

Subacute Exposure to Low Pb Doses Promotes Oxidative Stress in the Kidneys and Copper Disturbances in the Liver of Male Rats

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