Microarray-Based Allergy Diagnosis: Quo Vadis?

Huang, Huey‐Jy; Campana, Raffaela; Akinfenwa, Oluwatoyin; Curin, Mirela; Sarzsinszky, Eszter; Karsonova, Antonina; Riabova, Ksenja; Karaulov, Alexander; Niespodziana, Katarzyna; Elisyutina, O G; Феденко, Е С; Litovkina, Alla; Smolnikov, Evgenii; Khaitov, Musa; Vrtala, Susanne; Schlederer, Thomas; Valenta, Rudolf

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.594978

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…A few years later, the microarray/macroarray techniques were applied to the component resolved diagnosis and immunotherapy concept (CRD/CRIT). These techniques made available the wide IgE reactivity profiles of individuals to achieve a complete individualized management of the allergic patient [ 57 ].…”

Section: Molecular Diagnosis and Fungal Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Allergen and Mold Allergy Diagnosis: Role and Relevance of Alternaria alternata Alt a 1 Protein Family

Sánchez

Vélez-del-Burgo

Suñén

et al. 2022

JoF

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Alternaria is a genus of worldwide fungi found in different habitats such as soil, the atmosphere, plants or indoor environments. Alternaria species are saprobic—largely involved in the decomposition of organic material—but they can also act as animal pathogens, causing disease in humans and animals, developing infections, toxicosis and allergic diseases. A. alternata is considered one of the most important sources of fungal allergens worldwide and it is associated with severe asthma and respiratory status. Among the A. alternata allergens, Alt a 1 is the main sensitizing allergen and its usefulness in diagnosis and immunotherapy has been demonstrated. Alt a 1 seems to define a protein family that can be used to identify related pathogenic fungi in plants and fruits, and to establish taxonomic relationships between the different fungal divisions.

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Section: Molecular Diagnosis and Fungal Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Allergen and Mold Allergy Diagnosis: Role and Relevance of Alternaria alternata Alt a 1 Protein Family

Sánchez

Vélez-del-Burgo

Suñén

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Several assays have been developed for the detection of serum IgE to either a single allergen analyte (singleplex assay) or various allergens at a time (multiplex assay) ( 187 , 208 , 209 ). The availabilities of single allergens and advanced microarray technology have made it possible to obtain a quick insight into the sensitization profile of a patient ( 210 ).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Nut Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major possible advantage is that molecular design will allow to develop safe and effective forms of AIT for allergy to class I food allergens. Furthermore, molecular AIT can be ideally combined with the already established forms of molecular diagnosis allowing the adequate selection of patients for treatment and also the monitoring of the treatment using molecular biomarkers (209,236,310).…”

Section: Future Molecular Forms Of Aits For Nut Allergy: How To Crack the Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Allergen Molecules to Molecular Immunotherapy of Nut Allergy: A Hard Nut to Crack

et al. 2021

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Peanuts and tree nuts are two of the most common elicitors of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy. Nut allergy is frequently associated with systemic reactions and can lead to potentially life-threatening respiratory and circulatory symptoms. Furthermore, nut allergy usually persists throughout life. Whether sensitized patients exhibit severe and life-threatening reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis), mild and/or local reactions (e.g., pollen-food allergy syndrome) or no relevant symptoms depends much on IgE recognition of digestion-resistant class I food allergens, IgE cross-reactivity of class II food allergens with respiratory allergens and clinically not relevant plant-derived carbohydrate epitopes, respectively. Accordingly, molecular allergy diagnosis based on the measurement of allergen-specific IgE levels to allergen molecules provides important information in addition to provocation testing in the diagnosis of food allergy. Molecular allergy diagnosis helps identifying the genuinely sensitizing nuts, it determines IgE sensitization to class I and II food allergen molecules and hence provides a basis for personalized forms of treatment such as precise prescription of diet and allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Currently available forms of nut-specific AIT are based only on allergen extracts, have been mainly developed for peanut but not for other nuts and, unlike AIT for respiratory allergies which utilize often subcutaneous administration, are given preferentially by the oral route. Here we review prevalence of allergy to peanut and tree nuts in different populations of the world, summarize knowledge regarding the involved nut allergen molecules and current AIT approaches for nut allergy. We argue that nut-specific AIT may benefit from molecular subcutaneous AIT (SCIT) approaches but identify also possible hurdles for such an approach and explain why molecular SCIT may be a hard nut to crack.

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“…To determine the allergic phenotype of asthma, it is important to prove clinically the presence of a clinically relevant allergen-specific IgE sensitization. This can be achieved by comparing allergic anamnesis and the results of standard diagnostic methods which are usually selected empirically (skin testing and/or measurement of specific IgE and/or allergen provocation testing) and/or anamnesis in combination with comprehensive assessment of multiple IgE sensitizations ( 7 , 14 – 17 ). Skin tests are usually reliable, relatively inexpensive but do not necessarily prove the presence of allergen-specific IgE, while provocation tests are rarely used in patients with severe asthma because of the risk of severe systemic reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative IgE-levels specific for respiratory allergens as biomarker to predict efficacy of anti-IgE-based treatment of severe asthma

et al. 2022

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Molecular therapies, including anti-IgE, biologicals and small molecules are increasingly used for treatment of asthma. The effectiveness of these therapies may be increased with biomarkers. Aim of this study was to assess the value of measuring cumulative IgE levels specific for respiratory allergens to increase the efficacy of anti-IgE therapy for severe bronchial asthma. One hundred and thirty seven patients with severe asthma were recruited from 2016 to 2022. Standard empirical allergy diagnosis (i.e., anamnesis, skin testing, allergen-specific IgE measurement), blood eosinophil counting, measurement of total IgE and of cumulative IgE-specific for respiratory allergens by Phadiatop™ were performed. Thirty four patients with severe allergic asthma, for whom all three diagnostic methods were performed, were then used to analyze the efficacy of anti-IgE treatment in patients stratified in two groups according to cumulative IgE levels specific for respiratory allergens determined by Phadiatop™. Group #1 patients (n = 8) had cumulative specific IgE values ≥ 0.35 and < 1.53 PAU/l while in group #2 patients (n = 26) they were ≥ 1.53 PAU/l. Treatment with Omalizumab was performed for at least 12 months. The level of asthma control (ACT questionnaire), the number of asthma exacerbations, the quality of life (AQLQ questionnaire), the need for systemic corticosteroids, and the respiratory function (FEV1) was determined by “before-after” analysis for each group, followed by a comparison of the dynamics between groups. In group 2 patients with an initial allergen-specific IgE level ≥ 1.53 kUA/L, the efficacy of Omalizumab treatment was better regarding asthma control, number of exacerbations, and quality of life than in group 1 patients. Our study provides evidence that measuring cumulative levels of IgE specific for respiratory allergens could be a useful screening method for detecting an allergic phenotype of severe asthma and may serve as biomarker to enhance the success of IgE-targeted therapy.

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Microarray-Based Allergy Diagnosis: Quo Vadis?

Cited by 23 publications

References 99 publications

Fungal Allergen and Mold Allergy Diagnosis: Role and Relevance of Alternaria alternata Alt a 1 Protein Family

Fungal Allergen and Mold Allergy Diagnosis: Role and Relevance of Alternaria alternata Alt a 1 Protein Family

From Allergen Molecules to Molecular Immunotherapy of Nut Allergy: A Hard Nut to Crack

Cumulative IgE-levels specific for respiratory allergens as biomarker to predict efficacy of anti-IgE-based treatment of severe asthma

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