Corrigendum to “Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia, Anacardiaceae): A review” [J. Ethnopharmacol. 254 (2020) 112485]

The self‐curable epoxidized polymeric fraction of the natural gum “Chios mastic” (Pistacia lentiscus L.) gum is used as a matrix to produce sustainable particulate composite adhesives and further to manufacture lap joints. Olive pit powder and cotton flocks are used as reinforcements, each for a range of contents. Mixed‐modulus‐joint and Nanotube‐coated‐adherend special manufacturing techniques are also applied to further improve shear properties, reduce shear stress concentrations, or increase the adhesive and the adherend cohesion. 2% (w/w) Aluminum and 2% (w/w) olive pit reinforcements achieve an increase in shear strength of 14.19% and 12.26%, respectively, while cotton flocks‐ initially of lower performance as well as pieces of cotton fabric, are used to make joints according to the Nanotube‐coated‐adherend technique achieving an increase in shear strength of 102.1% and 84.91%, respectively. The obtained experimental results demonstrate the potential of the epoxidized polymer fraction of Chios natural mastic to produce useful sustainable particulate epoxy composite adhesives and double‐sided adhesive tapes.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Further Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential of Chios natural mastic for the production of sustainable epoxy composite adhesives

Anastasiou

2023

“…Chios Mastic is considered a traditional medicine, and there are even ancient reports of its antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. [59][60][61] Recently, Chios Mastic was classified, by the European Medicines Agency/Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products, into the category of traditional herbal medicines with the therapeutic indications: (a) mild dyspeptic disorders and (b) skin inflammation and aid in skin wound healing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable self‐curing epoxy adhesives from Chios natural Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus L.)

Anastasiou

Patsidis

Andreopoulou

2023

This study outlines a method for the epoxidation of poly-beta-myrcene, a biopolymer that can be easily extracted from the natural resin of the Chios Mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus L.). The resulting epoxidation products are self-curing, and have a nearly 100% green carbon content. These Mastic Epoxide products (MASTEP) have the potential to be useful thermosetting resins. One specific product (MASTEP A), was used as an adhesive to create Single Lap Joints, which were then subjected to tensile shear stress tests. MASTEP A was found to be 25%-83% stronger than three commonly used conventional or "semigreen" epoxy adhesives. Another specific product (MASTEP B), was found able to be thermally converted into a semi-crystalline form. In order to clarify the 3D chemical structure of MASTEP, IR, and DSC investigations were conducted. The entire production process was designed to be environmentally friendly. The results of this research represent a significant advancement in the development of environmentally friendly epoxies and pave the way to a wide range of potential further research.

“…This resin is produced naturally with the help of sunlight from the tears secreted when Chios mastic trees (Pistacia lentiscus L.) are wounded. 42 Poly-beta-myrcene can be isolated, characterized, 43,44 and epoxidized resulting in a one-component (self-curing) epoxy with excellent adhesive properties. [45][46][47] The aim of the current work was to assess and evaluate the life cycle of poly-beta-myrcene from the cradle to the gate and compare the results with those of a competing conventional epoxy, as well as with the results of a literature case involving a bio-based epoxy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This resin is produced naturally with the help of sunlight from the tears secreted when Chios mastic trees ( Pistacia lentiscus L .) are wounded 42 . Poly‐beta‐myrcene can be isolated, characterized, 43,44 and epoxidized resulting in a one‐component (self‐curing) epoxy with excellent adhesive properties 45–47…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sustainable alternative? A comparative life cycle assessment of epoxy adhesives

Anastasiou

2023

In response to the imperative of eco‐friendly material substitution, a comparative cradle‐to‐gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of two epoxy adhesives is presented: a traditional epoxy resin and an innovative self‐curing epoxy derived by epoxidizing poly‐beta‐myrcene (a constituent of Chios Mastic natural resin). Employing ReCiPe 2016 indicators and standard normalization, our study reveals that epoxidized poly‐beta‐myrcene outperforms conventional epoxy in 9 of 18 assessed midpoint indicators, with minimal impact in 7, and marginally higher impact in 2. The superiority of epoxidized poly‐beta‐myrcene extends to all three ReCiPe Endpoint protection areas. Atom economy and the E‐factor are also considered and related to the LCA results. Furthermore, the evaluation demonstrates epoxidized poly‐beta‐myrcene's remarkable environmental favorability compared to a literature bio‐based epoxy across multiple CML‐IA‐baseline indicators. In summary, epoxidized poly‐beta‐myrcene emerges as a promising, ecologically sensitive alternative to current conventional and bio‐based epoxy options.