A Systematic Review of Campylobacter jejuni Vaccine Candidates for Chickens

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni infection linked to the consumption of contaminated poultry products is one of the leading causes of human enteric illness worldwide. Vaccination of chickens is one of the potential strategies that could be used to control C. jejuni colonization. To date, various C. jejuni vaccines using potential antigens have been evaluated, but a challenge in identifying the most effective formulation is the wide variability in vaccine efficacies reported. A systematic review was undertaken to compare C. jejuni vaccine studies. Based upon specific selection criteria eligible papers were identified and included in the analysis. Vaccine efficacy reported from different C. jejuni antigens, vaccine types, and vaccination regimens reported in these papers were reviewed. Our analysis shows that total outer membrane proteins and cysteine ABC transporter substrate-binding protein were among the most efficacious vaccine antigen candidates reported. This review also highlights the importance of the need for increased consistency in the way C. jejuni vaccine studies in poultry are designed and reported in order to be able to undertake a robust comparison of C. jejuni vaccine candidates.

Advances in Enteropathogen Control Throughout the Meat Chicken Production Chain

“…A review by Acevedo-Villanueva (2021) went into depth about the current commercial vaccines available for Salmonella and also included a concise review of the chicken immune response [343]. Pumtang et al (2021) performed a systematic review on poultry vaccines for Campylobacter jejuni [344]. The findings presented here are based upon screening of original research and summarising those results.…”

Rapid Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION Sequencing Workflow for Campylobacter jejuni Identification in Broilers on Site—A Proof-of-Concept Study

“…Despite this control, approximately 220,000 cases of Campylobacter from meat consumption continue to occur every year [ 1 ]. The use of prevalence target C. jejuni models to assess the quantitative microbiological risk estimated that establishing targets of 25% and 5% between broiler flocks’ prevalence would lower the risk of human infection by chicken consumption to 50% and 90%, respectively [ 5 , 6 ]. Consequently, there is a need for more practical, suitable, and cost-effective techniques for routine diagnosis to determine the status of the flocks in a short turnaround time and with the highest sensitivity, respectively [ 7 , 8 ], to maintain the control of zoonotic agents that can contaminate food of animal origin, posing a risk to consumers’ health.…”

Detecting Glucose Fluctuations in the Campylobacter jejuni N-Glycan Structure

“…Campylobacter jejuni is the major cause of diarrhea worldwide and among the most prevalent of enteropathogens in recent pediatric enteric disease investigations, including the Global Enteric Multicenter (GEMS) and the Malnutrition and Enteric Diseases (MAL-ED) studies. , Infection with C. jejuni has also been associated with serious postinfectious sequelae such as Guillain–Barré syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, reactive arthritis, and pediatric growth stunting in low-resource settings. − Although Campylobacter is generally susceptible to antibiotics, increasing resistance, particularly to fluoroquinolones, is a growing concern . Multiple approaches have been used to target C. jejuni , including phages, probiotics, general biosecurity measures, , and various vaccination strategies. , However, the development of an effective vaccine to prevent C. jejuni -associated disease is hindered by the variability of its surface antigens, including capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides (LOS), and O-linked flagellar glycans, that would otherwise be effective targets . Despite this variability, all Campylobacter species produce a unique and conserved N-glycan structure that in the case of C. jejuni is a heptasaccharide , capable of inducing an immune response in humans, rabbits, and mice. , In poultry, the major source attributed to foodborne Campylobacter infections, an N-glycan-based vaccine has been shown to induce an antigen-specific response and to significantly reduce the Campylobacter load, , while in human volunteers, antibodies formed against natural glycoproteins are not protective…”

“…8 Multiple approaches have been used to target C. jejuni, including phages, 9 probiotics, 10 general biosecurity measures, 11,12 and various vaccination strategies. 13,14 However, the development of an effective vaccine to prevent C. jejuni-associated disease is hindered by the variability of its surface antigens, including capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides (LOS), and O-linked flagellar glycans, that would otherwise be effective targets. 13 Despite this variability, all Campylobacter species produce a unique and conserved N-glycan structure that in the case of C. jejuni is a heptasaccharide 15,16 capable of inducing an immune response in humans, rabbits, and mice.…”