Colon ischemia: A comprehensive review

Transient hepatic portal venous gas secondary to acute ischemic necrotic colitis in a lymphoma patient during chemotherapy: A case report and review

“…Other risk factors, such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, shock, sepsis, use of certain medications (diuretics, constipation-inducing drugs, and immunomodulators), and hemodialysis, may also cause ischemic colitis. 19 The etiology of acute ischemic necrotizing colitis in our patient was considered to be caused by severe intestinal infection during chemotherapy, as evidenced by her abdominal pain, elevated WBC count and neutrophil percentage, and the diffuse edema and wall thickening of the colon with inflammatory exudation around it on CT scan. Moreover, postoperative pathology suggested acute pyogenic infection of the colon.…”

Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of hospitalised patients with ischemic colitis with different degrees of haematochezia: a retrospective study

“…All surviving patients with ischaemic colitis were followed-up for at least 3 months by one medical researcher, and information relating to the long-term recurrence rates and mortality was obtained by telephone interviews with patients or collected at the outpatient clinic documentation. Recurrence of ischaemic colitis was defined when the initial clinical symptoms resolved, and recurrent presentations were observed at the hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of ischaemic colitis [8,9,24]. The major underlying causes of death after discharge were classified into two categories: death due to ischaemic colitis and death due to other severe comorbidities (cardiac failure, cerebrovascular disorder, cirrhosis, pneumonia, renal failure, lung cancer, severe sepsis, or shock).…”

“…It occurs due to inadequate intestinal blood flow, which results in colonic inflammation. The overall mortality rate in large series ranges from 4 to 12%, and the recurrence rates can be as high as 15% in 3 years [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The aetiology of ischaemia is thought to be multifactorial, and its clinical severity can range from mild to severe, the latter which is associated with intestinal gangrene and may require surgical intervention.…”

“…Haematochezia is one of the most common manifestations of ischaemic colitis, and its incidence ranges up to 71-84% [4,7,[16][17][18][19]. The severity of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with ischaemic colitis may vary from mild to life-threatening, depending on the severity of bleeding; however, less than 5% of patients with ischaemic colitis have required blood transfusion [2,[7][8][9]17,20]. Large quantities of blood loss are not usually observed in patients with ischaemic colitis, since gastrointestinal bleeding is typically self-limited and resolves spontaneously without intervention [8,9,[20][21][22].…”

“…The severity of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with ischaemic colitis may vary from mild to life-threatening, depending on the severity of bleeding; however, less than 5% of patients with ischaemic colitis have required blood transfusion [2,[7][8][9]17,20]. Large quantities of blood loss are not usually observed in patients with ischaemic colitis, since gastrointestinal bleeding is typically self-limited and resolves spontaneously without intervention [8,9,[20][21][22]. Multiple studies have shown that haematochezia is an indicator of a mild clinical course of ischaemic colitis.…”