Can network analysis of self‐reported psychopathology shed light on the core phenomenology of bipolar disorders in adolescents and young adults?

Abstract

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Dynamic networks of psychological symptoms, impairment, substance use, and social support: The evolution of psychopathology among emerging adults

“…Second, increased physical activity at 19Up was associated with an increased likelihood of progression to a hypo-manic-like subthreshold syndrome. This finding is consistent with a recent network analysis at a single timepoint in BLTS showing that increased physical activity was an influential node among youth with recent-onset bipolar disorder [23]. Another study showed that subsyndromal manic symptoms were associated with a new-onset bipolar spectrum disorder among youth at familial risk of bipolar disorder [42].…”

“…The 12-item Somatic and Psychological Health Report (SPHERE-12) measured the presence/absence of somatic (SOMA-6 subscale, e.g., hypersomnia, anergia) and anxious-depressive symptoms (PSYCH-6 subscale, e.g., feeling overwhelmed, hopelessness) over recent weeks [27]. Five hypo-manic symptoms (persistence >2 days of, e.g., decreased need for sleep, feeling elated) were examined using an investigator-devised self-rating scale (used in several of our studies) [23, 24, 28]. Six psychotic-like symptoms (e.g., auditory hallucinations) were assessed using a tool adapted in part from the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences [29].…”

“…The current study uses DBNs to examine the temporal relationships among self-rated psychological symptoms and associated social, occupational, and lifestyle factors across two waves of follow-up (~5–6-year interval) of a cohort of young people recruited to the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS), a prospective, community-based study of adult twins and nontwin siblings. In a series of recent studies, we examined the progression of subthreshold syndromes (i.e., depression-like, hypo-manic-like, and psychotic-like) to full-threshold mood and psychotic disorders [23, 24]. Here, we focus on cohort members without evidence of a full-threshold disorder, and we model two DBNs to examine two questions: (a) what are the relationships among self-rated psychological symptoms, impairment, alcohol and other substance use, and perceived social support across the “Nineteen and Up” (19Up) and “Twenty Five and Up” (25Up) study waves; and (b) what are the relationships among these factors at 19Up and subsequent progression to a depression-like, hypo-manic-like, and/or psychotic-like subthreshold syndrome at 25Up?…”

Identifying the bridge between depression and mania: A machine learning and network approach to bipolar disorder

“…For example, even though two previous studies included psychomotor speed in their networks (both revealing that it was central in mania/bipolar disorder), one of them conceptualized such speed in terms of goal-directed activity, 51 whereas the other one did so in terms of speed of speech. 52 Other differences may also be expected, given underlying population differences. For example, 'talkativeness' and 'thinking faster' were consistently shown to be central facets of hypomanic symptoms, 18 distinguish individuals with bipolar disorder type II from those with type I, 19 and, finally, be central facets to individuals with a bipolar diagnosis, who are minimally impaired.…”

Dimensions of psychopathology associated with psychotic-like experiences: Findings from the network analysis in a nonclinical sample

“…The node strength is the most commonly used indicator of centrality. It is the sum of all edge weights connected to the node [15, 28, 29]. Moreover, the node predictability was calculated.…”