Permeability of the Blood–Brain Barrier after Traumatic Brain Injury: Radiological Considerations

Amoo, Michael; O'Halloran, Philip J; Henry, Jack; Husien, Mohammed Ben; Brennan, Paul; Campbell, Matthew; Caird, John; Curley, Gerard F.

doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7545

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 140 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, downregulation of circLphn3 negatively regulated the expression of ZO-1 and hence, improved BBB permeability. The increased BBB permeability as a result of trauma subsequently activated the cells to a pro-inflammatory state that promoted downstream inflammatory response in TBI [42]. In this study, the identified circLphn3 could be a potential early biomarker as the changes in its expressions occurred during the initial course of TBI.…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 66%

Circular RNAs in organ injury: recent development

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) are a class of long non-coding RNA that were once regarded as non-functional transcription byproducts. However, recent studies suggested that circRNAs may exhibit important regulatory roles in many critical biological pathways and disease pathologies. These studies have identified significantly differential expression profiles of circRNAs upon changes in physiological and pathological conditions of eukaryotic cells. Importantly, a substantial number of studies have suggested that circRNAs may play critical roles in organ injuries. This review aims to provide a summary of recent studies on circRNAs in organ injuries with respect to (1) changes in circRNAs expression patterns, (2) main mechanism axi(e)s, (3) therapeutic implications and (4) future study prospective. With the increasing attention to this research area and the advancement in high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing techniques, our knowledge of circRNAs may bring fruitful outcomes from basic and clinical research.

show abstract

Section: Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 66%

Circular RNAs in organ injury: recent development

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the immune cells in GALT are involved during dysbiosis, and lymphocytes under the influence of inflammatory mediators and PAMPs differentiate into proinflammatory subtype (Th1 and Th17), and further produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12), TNFα, IFNγ, and Th-17. Peripheral inflammation affects the BBB integrity, allowing the infiltration of immune cells and inflammatory mediators into the CNS ( Amoo et al, 2021 ). Besides, bacterial toxins present in the circulation may also infiltrate into the CNS ( Abdel-Haq et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Gut-brain Axis (Gba)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication of gut microbiota and brain via immune and neuroendocrine signaling

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gastrointestinal tract of the human is inhabited by about 5 × 1013 bacteria (of about 1,000 species) as well as archaea, fungi, and viruses. Gut microbiota is known to influence the host organism, but the host may also affect the functioning of the microbiota. This bidirectional cooperation occurs in three main inter-organ signaling: immune, neural, and endocrine. Immune communication relies mostly on the cytokines released by the immune cells into circulation. Also, pathogen-associated or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or DAMPs) may enter circulation and affect the functioning of the internal organs and gut microbiota. Neural communication relies mostly on the direct anatomical connections made by the vagus nerve, or indirect connections via the enteric nervous system. The third pathway, endocrine communication, is the broadest one and includes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This review focuses on presenting the latest data on the role of the gut microbiota in inter-organ communication with particular emphasis on the role of neurotransmitters (catecholamines, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid), intestinal peptides (cholecystokinin, peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide 1), and bacterial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids).

show abstract

“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability and death, especially in young adults [ 27 ]. Furthermore, oxidative stress performs an essential function in the onset and development of TBI.…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%