A systematic review of moxidectin as a treatment for parasitic infections in mammalian species

Schraven, Andrea L.; Stannard, Hayley J.; Old, Julie M.

doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07092-0

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We emphasise that no published safety data on moxidectin exists in wombats, and there have been few safety studies in any species on the topical application of moxidectin beyond 5-10 mg/kg, as higher doses are not normally used nor required to achieve the desired clinical effect. Most published doses are between 0.2 and 0.5 mg/kg, with higher doses less common and only for certain species (Schraven et al 2021). The macrocyclic lactones are generally considered to have a wide safety margin, due to the expression of P-glycoproteins at the blood-brain barrier which prevents their entry to the CNS and binding to mammalian receptors.…”

Section: Safety Of High-dose Macrocyclic Lactone Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife

et al. 2022

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A recent publication in Parasitology Research by (Old et al. Parasitol Res 120:1077-1090 raises the topical and often controversial issue of the treatment of wildlife by personnel with little or no formal scientific training (e.g. wildlife carers). In a valuable contribution to the subject, Old and colleagues document a wide range of topical (pour-on) application doses and frequencies of moxidectin (Cydectin®) administered in situ to bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) by members of the wildlife carer/treater community in southeast Australia to treat sarcoptic mange disease. This treatment occurred under minor use permits issued by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Management Authority (APVMA). These permits do not require veterinary supervision, although carers are registered and are expected to comply with the guidelines of this permit. The prevalence and severity of sarcoptic mange in wildlife is influenced by a variety of factors including mite biology, environmental conditions, population density, animal behaviour and immune susceptibility (Browne et al. Bioscience, 2021). In bare-nosed wombats, combinations of these elements play a substantial role in making the treatment of an already difficult disease more complex. (Moroni et al. Parasit Vectors 13:471, 2020) comment that any pharmacological treatment of freeranging wildlife must consider these factors when assessing their feasibility and implications, especially in the context of emerging drug resistance and potential long-term ecological impacts. As individuals with significant interest in sarcoptic mange and representing a range of professional research and veterinary expertise, we see value in providing expert commentary on this issue.

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Section: Safety Of High-dose Macrocyclic Lactone Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife

et al. 2022

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“…The therapeutic index (i.e., margin of safety that exists between the dose of a drug that produces the therapeutic effect and the dose that produces toxicity) for moxidectin is relatively unknown in wombats. Data from other mammalian species have shown a wide margin of safety (52)(53)(54)(55).…”

Section: Moxidectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological and Pharmaceutical Considerations for Enhancing the Control of Sarcoptes scabiei in Wombats Through Improved Transdermal Drug Delivery

2022

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Sarcoptic scabiei is an invasive parasitic mite that negatively impacts wombats, causing sarcoptic mange disease, characterized by alopecia, intense pruritus, hyperkeratosis, and eventual mortality. Evidence suggests that wombats may be unable to recovery from infection without the assistance of treatments. Transdermal drug delivery is considered the most ideal route of administration for in situ treatment in free-ranging wombats, as it is non-invasive and avoids the need to capture affected individuals. Although there are effective antiparasitic drugs available, an essential challenge is adequate administration of drugs and sufficient drug retention and absorption when delivered. This review will describe the implications of sarcoptic mange on the physiology of wombats as well as discuss the most widely used antiparasitic drugs to treat S. scabiei (ivermectin, moxidectin, and fluralaner). The prospects for improved absorption of these drugs will be addressed in the context of pathophysiological and pharmaceutical considerations influencing transdermal drug delivery in wombats with sarcoptic mange.

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Exploring the synthetic approaches and clinical prowess of established macrocyclic pharmaceuticals

Sun,

Nie,

Herdewijn

et al. 2024

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

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A systematic review of moxidectin as a treatment for parasitic infections in mammalian species

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife

Drug dose and animal welfare: important considerations in the treatment of wildlife

Pathophysiological and Pharmaceutical Considerations for Enhancing the Control of Sarcoptes scabiei in Wombats Through Improved Transdermal Drug Delivery

Exploring the synthetic approaches and clinical prowess of established macrocyclic pharmaceuticals

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