PFAS removal by ion exchange resins: A review

Dixit, Fuhar; Dutta, Rahul; Barbeau, Benoît; Bérubé, Pierre R.; Mohseni, Madjid

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129777

Cited by 196 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Harmless washing solutions like ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) and ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH) commonly used in the industry may be ineffective for sorbents having strong binding with PFAS. 116 Thermal regeneration at a high temperature brings a high energy cost and may also decline the adsorption capacity as well as release harmful byproducts into the environment. 36 Therefore, better solutions to maintain the life cycles of the PFAS sorbents need to be designed.…”

Section: Pfas Sorbentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Sensors and Sorbents in Water

Darling

Chen

2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of engineered chemicals that have been widely used in industrial production. PFAS have drawn increasing attention due to their frequent occurrence in the aquatic environment and their toxicity to animals and humans. Developing effective and efficient detection and remediation methods for PFAS in aquatic systems is critical to mitigate ongoing exposure and promote water reuse. Adsorption-based removal is the most common method for PFAS remediation since it avoids hazardous byproducts; in situ sensing technology is a promising approach for PFAS monitoring due to its fast response, easy operation, and portability. This review summarizes current materials and devices that have been demonstrated for PFAS adsorption and sensing. Selectivity, the key factor underlying both sensor and sorbent performance, is discussed by exploring the interactions between PFAS and various probes. Examples of selective probes will be presented and classified by fluorinated groups, cationic groups, and cavitary groups, and their synergistic effects will also be analyzed. This review aims to provide guidance and implication for future material design toward more selective and effective PFAS sensors and sorbents.

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Section: Pfas Sorbentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Sensors and Sorbents in Water

Darling

Chen

2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Regenerants from ion exchange resins for PFAS treatment typically contain a mixture of organic solvents (such as methanol) for desorbing PFAS from the resin and ionic constituents (e.g., chloride, sulfate, etc.) needed to regenerate the resin's active sites (Dixit et al, 2021; Gagliano et al, 2020). Methanol has previously been reported as the most effective regenerant for removing PFAS from anion exchange membranes (Gagliano et al, 2020).…”

Section: Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation For Treating Pfas In Water Treatment Residualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional drinking water treatment plants are generally ineffective for PFAS mitigation (Boone et al, 2019; Rahman et al, 2014; Takagi et al, 2011). Due to these limitations, alternative treatment technologies such as granular activated carbon, ion exchange, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis may be needed for PFAS mitigation based on their demonstrated PFAS removal capabilities (Belkouteb et al, 2020; Dixit et al, 2021; Gagliano et al, 2020; Glover et al, 2018; Park et al, 2020; Rahman et al, 2014). PFAS treatment technology can be divided into two categories: nondestructive treatment and destructive treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical technologies for per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances mitigation in drinking water and water treatment residuals

et al. 2021

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Water treatment technologies are needed that can convert per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) into inorganic products (e.g., CO 2 , F À ) that are less toxic than parent PFAS compounds. Research on electrochemical treatment processes such as electrocoagulation and electrooxidation has demonstrated proof-of-concept PFAS removal and destruction. However, research has primarily been conducted in laboratory matrices that are electrochemically favorable (e.g., high initial PFAS concentration [μg/L-mg/L], high conductivity, and absence of oxidant scavengers). Electrochemical treatment is also a promising technology for treating PFAS in water treatment residuals from nondestructive technologies (e.g., ion exchange, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis). Future electrochemical PFAS treatment research should focus on environmentally relevant PFAS concentrations (i.e., ng/L), matrix conductivity, natural organic matter impacts, short-chain PFAS removal, transformation products analysis, and systems-level analysis for cost evaluation.

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“…Multiple reviews in the literature detail the various strengths and weaknesses of treatment technologies for per-and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-impacted matrices, and are either a general assessment of PFAS-relevant treatment technologies (Anderson et al, 2021;Garg et al, 2021;Mahinroosta & Senevirathna, 2020;Merino et al, 2016;Riegel & Sacher, 2020;Ross et al, 2019Ross et al, , 2018Wanninayake, 2021) or a focus on a particular mechanism, such as adsorption (Boyer et al, 2021;Dixit et al, 2021;Gagliano et al, 2020;Uriakhil et al, 2021;Zhang D. Q. et al, 2019) or various forms of destruction (Cui et al, 2020;Horst et al, 2020;Nzeribe et al, 2019; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USEPA, 2020a; Winchell et al, 2020;. Independent of the purpose of the review, a similar conclusion is drawn: an appropriate treatment strategy for PFAS-impacted waste includes multiple treatment technologies in series to concentrate PFAS into the smallest possible volume for energy-intensive destruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of supercritical water oxidation to destroy perfluoroalkyl acids

McDonough

Kirby

Bellona

et al. 2022

Remediation Journal

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Some of the same unique physical and chemical properties that make per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) desirable for a wide range of commercial applications render them recalcitrant to many liquid treatment technologies. As developments in PFAS‐related toxicological studies increasingly suggest potential adverse human health effects, our industry has made great progress in the past several years on concentrating PFAS into small volume waste streams via adsorption and separation mechanisms. Coupled with residual PFAS‐containing commercial products that are being phased out, management of these concentrated waste streams presents an urgent need for the development and validation of destructive treatment technologies. Here, we field‐validate supercritical water oxidation to treat a concentrated waste stream of 12 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) with liquid and gaseous analysis, adhering to the recent Other Test Method 45 for stack emission sampling from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and USEPA Method 537.1, with quality control and quality assurance protocols from the Department of Defense/Department of Energy Quality Systems Manual 5.3. Results generated suggest greater than 99.999% destruction and removal efficiency of these 12 PFAAs after two ∼120‐min continuous flow trials, with an overall defluorination percentage of approximately 62.6%.

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PFAS removal by ion exchange resins: A review

Cited by 196 publications

References 150 publications

Selectivity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Sensors and Sorbents in Water

Selectivity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Sensors and Sorbents in Water

Electrochemical technologies for per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances mitigation in drinking water and water treatment residuals

Validation of supercritical water oxidation to destroy perfluoroalkyl acids

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