Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer

Pérez-Sánchez, C.; Barbarroja, Nuria; Pantaleão, Lucas Carminatti; López‐Sánchez, Laura M.; Ozanne, Susan E.; Jurado-Gámez, Bernabé; Aranda, Enrique; López‐Pedrera, Chary; Rodríguez‐Ariza, Antonio

doi:10.3390/jpm11020111

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, they observed a connection between low expression of serum miR-186 and higher serum carcinoembryonic antigen, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ 44 ]. Based on miRNAs from EBC, Perez-Sanchez et al proposed two diagnostic signatures: the first for discrimination between lung cancer patients and healthy control groups ( miR-4507 , miR-6777-5p , and miR-451 ) and the second for recognition of LUAD from LUSC ( miR-4529-3p , miR-8075 , and miR-7704 ) [ 45 ]. Mozzoni et al highlighted that deregulation of EBC miR-21 and miR-486 expression in NSCLC patients can be associated with any histological subtype, facilitating the detection of periphal-located adenocarcinomas, which are difficult to note using bronchoscopy or sputum cytology [ 46 ].…”

Section: Detailed Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives

Sulewska

Pilz

Manegold

et al. 2023

Cells

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Epigenetic research has the potential to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer, specifically non-small-cell lung cancer, and support our efforts to personalize the management of the disease. Epigenetic alterations are expected to have relevance for early detection, diagnosis, outcome prediction, and tumor response to therapy. Additionally, epi-drugs as therapeutic modalities may lead to the recovery of genes delaying tumor growth, thus increasing survival rates, and may be effective against tumors without druggable mutations. Epigenetic changes involve DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the activity of non-coding RNAs, causing gene expression changes and their mutual interactions. This systematic review, based on 110 studies, gives a comprehensive overview of new perspectives on diagnostic (28 studies) and prognostic (25 studies) epigenetic biomarkers, as well as epigenetic treatment options (57 studies) for non-small-cell lung cancer. This paper outlines the crosstalk between epigenetic and genetic factors as well as elucidates clinical contexts including epigenetic treatments, such as dietary supplements and food additives, which serve as anti-carcinogenic compounds and regulators of cellular epigenetics and which are used to reduce toxicity. Furthermore, a future-oriented exploration of epigenetic studies in NSCLC is presented. The findings suggest that additional studies are necessary to comprehend the mechanisms of epigenetic changes and investigate biomarkers, response rates, and tailored combinations of treatments. In the future, epigenetics could have the potential to become an integral part of diagnostics, prognostics, and personalized treatment in NSCLC.

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Section: Detailed Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives

Sulewska

Pilz

Manegold

et al. 2023

Cells

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“…There is a very recent pilot report that EBC miRNAs might allow the identi cation, strati cation and monitoring of lung cancer [31].…”

Section: Tables: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Random Forests (RF): Two types of Random Forest [31,32] classi ers were built for comparison, using R package random forest [32].First, an RF classi er was built on the clinical variables alone: age, gender, smoking status, pack-years, quit-years, underlying lung disease (type), tumor histology, stage. Two-fold cross-validation was repeated 20 times to gauge the accuracy of this classi er, and its sensitivity, speci city, positive and negative predictive value.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Logistic Regression (Lr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exhaled microRNA Panel Interrogated for Lung Cancer Case-Control Discrimination

Shi

Han

Loudig

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: An exhaled microRNA-based lung cancer case-control discriminant biomarker strategy is reported.Methods: A microRNA-seq discovery effort compared paired tumor to non-tumor tissue, was reconciled with analogous TCGA and published literature-based tissue-discriminant microRNA data, yielding a candidate panel of 24 microRNAs that are upregulated in either adenocarcinomas and/or squamous cell carcinomas. The technical feasibility of microRNA-PCR assays in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was tested. The airway origin of exhaled microRNAs was then topographically “fingerprinted”, using paired EBC and bronchoscopic samples. For initial EBC testing, a clinic-based case-control set of 351 individuals (166 NSCLC cases, 185 non-cancer controls) was interrogated with the 24-candidate microRNA panel by qualitative RT-PCR, and curated by melt curve analysis. Data were analyzed by both logistic regression (LR), and by random-forest (RF) models, validated by iterative resampling.Results: Both feasibility of exhaled microRNA detection, and its origins in part from lower airway sources, were confirmed. LR models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, pack years, quit-years, and underlying lung disease identified exhaled miR-21, 33b, 212 (p.adj,=0.019, 0.018, 0.033, resp.) as case-control discriminant. For the RF analysis, the combined clinical + microRNA models showed modest added discrimination capacity (1.1–2.5%) beyond the clinical models alone: by subgroup, all subjects 1.1% (p = 8.7e-04)); former smokers 2.5% (p = 3.6e-05); early stage 1.2% (p = 9.0e-03). Sensitivity, specificity, positive- and negative-predictive values of the clinical + microRNA models for the entire cohort were 71%-76%.Conclusion: This work suggests that exhaled microRNAs are measurable qualitatively; reflect in part lower airway signatures; and if improved/refined, can potentially help distinguish lung cancer cases from controls.

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“…The detection and quantification of microRNAS (miRNAs) in exhaled breath condensate is poorly understood. Perez-Sanchez et al conducted a clinical study performing genome-wide miRNA profiling and machine learning analysis on exhaled breath samples of 21 healthy controls and 21 LC patients [ 138 ]. They identified significantly altered levels of 12 miRNA in subjects with lung cancer.…”

Section: Applications Of Breath Biomarkers In Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Breath Analysis in the Management of Lung Cancer: Is It Ready for Primetime?

Keogh

Riches

2022

Current Oncology

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Breath analysis is a promising non-invasive method for the detection and management of lung cancer. Exhaled breath contains a complex mixture of volatile and non-volatile organic compounds that are produced as end-products of metabolism. Several studies have explored the patterns of these compounds and have postulated that a unique breath signature is emitted in the setting of lung cancer. Most studies have evaluated the use of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify these unique breath signatures. With recent advances in the field of analytical chemistry and machine learning gaseous chemical sensing and identification devices have also been created to detect patterns of odorant molecules such as volatile organic compounds. These devices offer hope for a point-of-care test in the future. Several prospective studies have also explored the presence of specific genomic aberrations in the exhaled breath of patients with lung cancer as an alternative method for molecular analysis. Despite its potential, the use of breath analysis has largely been limited to translational research due to methodological issues, the lack of standardization or validation and the paucity of large multi-center studies. It is clear however that it offers a potentially non-invasive alternative to investigations such as tumor biopsy and blood sampling.

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Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives

A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives

An Exhaled microRNA Panel Interrogated for Lung Cancer Case-Control Discrimination

The Use of Breath Analysis in the Management of Lung Cancer: Is It Ready for Primetime?

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