Gluten and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Croall, Iain D.; Hoggard, Nigel; Hadjivassiliou, Marios

doi:10.3390/nu13020572

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, he is homozygous for the TNFa SNP which has been associated with a 6x increased risk of celiac disease, compared to individuals without any of these TNFa variants [53]. Gluten sensitivity has been shown to exacerbate ASD [54]. The group home that he lives in serves a diet that is gluten heavy.…”

Section: Cds Genomic Results and The Effects Of The Implemented Inter...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Genomically Targeted Molecular Data to Improve Patient-Specific Outcomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Hausman-Cohen

LaValley²,

Way

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Molecular biology combined with genomics can be a powerful tool for developing potential intervention strategies for improving outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Monogenic etiologies rarely cause autism. Instead, ASD is more frequently due to many polygenic contributing factors interacting with each other, combined with the epigenetic effects of diet, lifestyle, and environment. One limitation of genomics has been identifying ways of responding to each identified gene variant to translate the information to something clinically useful. This paper will illustrate how understanding the function of a gene and the effects of a reported variant on a molecular level can be used to develop actionable and targeted potential interventions for a gene variant or combinations of variants. For illustrative purposes, this communication highlights a specific genomic variant, SHANK3. The steps involved in developing molecularly genomically targeted actionable interventions will be demonstrated. Cases will be shared to support the efficacy of this strategy and to show how clinicians utilized these targeted interventions to improve ASD-related symptoms significantly. The presented approach demonstrates the utility of genomics as a part of clinical decision-making.

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Section: Cds Genomic Results and The Effects Of The Implemented Inter...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Genomically Targeted Molecular Data to Improve Patient-Specific Outcomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Hausman-Cohen

LaValley²,

Way

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…However, the situation has evolved with increasing evidence that a GFD can produce improvement in autistic behaviours in those with allergies or intolerances to gluten [72]. There is strong anecdotal evidence of a benefit in many studies, although statistical analyses of the data are less convincing [73]. Most of the research has been conducted in autistic children and is therefore difficult to extrapolate to adults with confidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Intolerance and Sensitivity are Associated with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in A Self-Selected Community Population

Thomson¹,

Beer²,

Ryan³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction People are presenting with chronic musculoskeletal pain at a younger age, and many fulfil criteria for fibromyalgia. We have recently shown a strong association between fibromyalgia symptoms and autistic traits in a self-selected community population, with the relationship mediated in part by the presence of hypermobility. Many respondents also described food sensitivities and intolerances. This study explores relationships between food issues and fibromyalgia symptoms in this population Methods The study used a nonexperimental, correlational design with data collected from a volunteer sample of 442 adults (aged 18-60) who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing each of fibromyalgia symptoms (ACR criteria), autistic traits (RAADS score) and hypermobility (Beighton’s test). Subjects were also asked to record any food sensitivities, allergies, or intolerances, along with their consequences. Correlation analyses and linear regressions were used to test the relationships between these features and each of fibromyalgia, autistic traits and hypermobility. Data was analysed using parametric and non-parametric techniques to assess the strength and significance of relationships, causes of variance and the potential mediating effect of food-related symptoms in the correlation between fibromyalgia features and autistic traits Results Our self-selected community population had a mean age of 24 years and was 77% female. The prevalence of fibromyalgia, autistic traits and hypermobility was 40%, 65% and 44% respectively. Half of all subjects reported food sensitivity and 31% reported food intolerance. The incidence of food-related symptoms was higher among subjects who met criteria for fibromyalgia than those who reported autistic traits or hypermobility. Food sensitivity and food intolerance were both more significantly associated with fibromyalgia (r=0.24, p>0.001 and r=0.38, p>0.001) than with autistic traits (r=0.15, p>0.01 and r=0.17, p>0.01). Discussion This is the first community study to provide evidence for a direct association between features of fibromyalgia and reported food intolerance and sensitivity. Although self-selected, the findings in our predominantly young population suggest that gluten and lactose consumption may be associated with higher levels of musculoskeletal pain. Avoidance of these foodstuffs was commonly reported to reduce symptoms. Dietary adjustment may merit further investigation as a therapeutic modality for some patients with fibromyalgia.

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“…The effectiveness of food additives exclusion diets and the oligoantigenic diets in ADHD remains inconclusive. For gluten-free and/or casein-free diets, although such diets have been mainly investigated in autism spectrum disorder [ 48 ], little evidence is available to support or dispute their use in ADHD [ 47 ]. A number of previous studies have examined the association of Celiac disease, an autoimmune disease in which the intestine is hypersensitive to gluten, with ADHD, but their findings have been inconsistent [ 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Food Allergy, Respiratory Allergy, and Skin Allergy with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Children

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Background: Previous studies have predominately examined associations of respiratory allergy and skin allergy with ADHD, but little is known about the association between food allergy and ADHD. Methods: We included 192,573 children aged 4–17 years from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a leading health survey in a nationally representative sample of the US population. Allergy conditions and ADHD were defined based on an affirmative response in the NHIS questionnaire. We used weighted logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of ADHD. Results: Among the 192,573 children, 15,376 reported ADHD diagnosis. The prevalence of ADHD was higher among children with allergic conditions: 12.66% vs. 7.99% among children with and without food allergy; 12.16% vs. 7.63% among children with and without respiratory allergy; and 11.46% vs. 7.83% among children with and without skin allergy. After adjusting for covariates, the OR of ADHD was 1.72 (95% CI, 1.55–1.91) comparing children with and without food allergy, 1.50 (95% CI, 1.41–1.59) comparing children with and without respiratory allergy, and 1.65 (95% CI, 1.55–1.75) comparing children with and without skin allergy. The observed associations remained significant after mutual adjustment for other allergic conditions. Conclusions: In a nationally representative sample of US children, we found a significant association of common allergic conditions (food allergy, respiratory allergy, and skin allergy) with ADHD.

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Gluten and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 23 publications

References 101 publications

Utilizing Genomically Targeted Molecular Data to Improve Patient-Specific Outcomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Utilizing Genomically Targeted Molecular Data to Improve Patient-Specific Outcomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Food Intolerance and Sensitivity are Associated with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in A Self-Selected Community Population

Association of Food Allergy, Respiratory Allergy, and Skin Allergy with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Children

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