Dietary Patterns and Pediatric Bone

Coheley, L M; Lewis, Richard D.

doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00654-8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The main finding from this study was that individuals that reported consuming a diet more closely aligned with national guidelines (higher HEI score) tended to have greater bone density compared to those with lower adherence (lower HEI score). Observational and intervention studies suggest a favorable effect of other diet patterns, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean Diet, on bone outcomes in adults and children [ 5 , 6 , 13 ]. Studies involving the HEI have primarily been confined to adults and suggest a potential benefit with respect to fracture risk [ 5 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in adults suggest that consuming a diet that is more closely aligned with guidelines set forth in the DGA might be associated with lower risk for fracture [ 5 ]. The vast majority of studies evaluating associations between diet patterns and bone in youth employed “data-driven” methods, such as cluster or factor analysis, and have not focused on the HEI [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet Quality and Bone Density in Youth with Healthy Weight, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2021

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Purpose: To assess relationships between diet quality and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in youth with healthy weight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from youth (55% African American, 70% female) ages 10–23 years with T2D (n = 90), obesity (BMI > 95th; n = 128), or healthy weight (BMI < 85th; n = 197). Whole body (less head) areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). aBMD was expressed as age-, sex-, and ancestry-specific standard deviation scores (Z-scores). Whole body aBMD Z-scores were adjusted for height-for-age Z-score. Diet was assessed via three-day diaries, and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was computed. Total HEI score and HEI subcomponent scores were compared across groups, and associations with aBMD Z-scores were assessed via linear regression adjusted for group, age, sex, and ancestry. Results: Mean HEI was similar between the healthy weight, obesity, and T2D groups. Several HEI sub-components differed between groups, including meats and beans, total vegetables, milk, saturated fat, sodium, oils, and empty calories. The obesity and T2D group had significantly greater aBMD Z-scores compared to the healthy weight group. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed a significant positive association between HEI and aBMD Z-score (p < 0.05). The HEI sub-components for whole grains (p = 0.052) and empty calories (p < 0.05) were positively associated with aBMD Z-score. Conclusions: Individuals that followed a dietary pattern more closely aligned with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans had greater bone density. Since few studies have investigated the role of diet on bone in youth with obesity-related conditions, additional research is required among these populations.

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