Optical Tracking of the Interfacial Dynamics of Single SARS-CoV-2 Pseudoviruses

Liu, Yinan; Lv, Zhen-Ting; Yang, Siyu; Liu, Xianwei

doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06962

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Enveloped viruses have been observed to partition favourably to solids, which likely changes their transport behavior from that of dissolved species, which are frequently used to characterize fate and transport in hydraulic systems (Ye et al, 2016). The adsorption of SARS-CoV-2 to surfaces, such as suspended solids, is dependent on both surface chemistry and solution chemistry, which further complicates idealized conceptualization of the fate and transport in wastewater (Liu et al, 2021). Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 and its RNA have been observed to exist in several different forms in wastewater including both intact and ruptured viruses (Wurtzer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Ahmed¹,

Simpson²,

Bertsch³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Ahmed¹,

Simpson²,

Bertsch³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, changes arising from electrostatic forces result in a greater or lesser accumulation of charge on the surface, which is associated with the composition and/or the structure of the membrane. Liu 28 and coworkers did show through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) the validation of the role of electrostatic force in the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses and surfaces, providing evidence that negatively charged surfaces can inhibit the adsorption of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses and suggesting new routes into the design of anticontamination personal protection equipment (PPE) and other technologies based on the viral surface charges. These results corroborate the ones presented here, in which the structures with higher adhesion force values are related to the substrate functionalized with poly- l -lysine, which has a positive charge, whereas the regions on the map with lower adhesion force values correspond to the triangular structures, associated with the spike protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Unrevealed: Ultrastructural and Nanomechanical Analysis

et al. 2021

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The ongoing outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in late 2019 and spread across the world, infecting millions of people, with over 3.3 million deaths worldwide. To fight back the virus, it is necessary to understand how the main structures work, especially those responsible for the virus infectivity pathogenicity. Here, using the most advanced atomic force microscopy techniques, SARS-CoV-2 viral particles were analyzed, with a special focus on their ultrastructure, adsorption conformation, and nanomechanical behavior. The results uncovered the aspects of the organization and the spatial distribution of the proteins on the surface of the viral particles. It also showed the compliant behavior of the membrane and ability to recover from mechanical injuries. At least three layers composing the membrane and their thickness were measured, protecting the virus from external stress. This study provides new insight into the ultrastructure of SARS-CoV-2 particles at the nanoscale, offering new prospects that could be employed for mapping viral surfaces. The understanding of the viruses’ capacity to survive mechanical disruptions at any level and their ability to recover from such injuries can shed a light on the structure–function relationship and help us to find targets for drug action, especially for this virus that, to this day, has no course of treatment approved.

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“…Among them, spike protein promotes host attachment and viral cell membrane fusion for infection ( Wu et al, 2020 ), and adheres to other materials ( Pandey, 2020 ). Although the interfacial dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses were investigated ( Liu et al, 2021b ), its migration ability is still not clear. Here, we speculate that the adhesion between SARS-CoV-2 and porous media is mainly attributing to spike protein.…”

Section: Pathogen Physiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%