Determination of Polyphenols in Ilex kudingcha and Insect Tea (Leaves Altered by Animals) by Ultra-high-performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) and Comparison of Their Anti-Aging Effects

Abstract

Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng tea and insect tea, as traditional Chinese teas, are favored for their original craftsmanship, unique flavor, and biological functionality. In this study, ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) was used to analyze the bioactive components of the extracts of Ilex kudingcha and insect tea, and D-galactose-induced aging mice were used to compare the in vivo anti-aging effects of Ilex kudingcha and insect tea extracts. The results were remarkable, UHPLC-QqQ-MS analysis showed that ITP contains 29 ingredients, while IKDCP contains 26 ingredients. However, due to the large differences in the content of the main chemical components in IKDCP and ITP, the effects are equally different. At the same time, the in vivo research results suggesting that the anti-aging effects of IKDCP and ITP (500 mg/kg) include the regulation of viscera indices of major organs; improvement in liver, skin, and spleen tissue morphology; decreased production of inflammatory cytokines; up regulation of SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-PX, and T-AOC and down regulation of NO and MDA levels in serum and liver tissue; reductions in the concentration of pro-inflammatory factors, and increases in the concentration of anti-inflammatory factor. RT-qPCR and western blot assay also showed that IKDCP and ITP affect anti-aging by regulating the gene and protein expression of GSH-PX, GSH1, SOD1, SOD2, and CAT. The overall results indicate that ITP is more effective in treating oxidative damage in aging mice induced by D-galactose. Thus, ITP appears to be an effective functional drink owing to its rich nutritional components and anti-aging activities.

Detection of Root Physiological Parameters and Potassium and Calcium Currents in the Rhizoplane of the Apple Rootstock Superior Line 12-2 With Improved Apple Replant Disease Resistance

“…• to H 2 O 2 and O 2 , reducing its toxicity to a certain extent (Sharma et al, 2012;Li et al, 2019), the H 2 O 2 produced by disproportionation will accumulate to excessively high levels over time, leading to massive production of the membrane lipid peroxidation product MDA (Gill and Tuteja, 2010). MDA reacts with and denatures cell macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, thereby destroying cell structure and function (Zhao et al, 2019), rapidly inhibiting cell antioxidant enzyme activity, and ultimately leading to cell death (Ayala et al, 2014;Mu et al, 2021). Therefore, within one week of infection by ARD-associated F. proliferatum MR5, the roots of M26 and T337 showed numerous brown spots, rot, and fractures (Figure 2).…”

Evaluation of the T-SPOT.TB test, oxidation-related factors, and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis with type 2 diabetes

“…Therefore, the ROS content reflects the extent of lipid peroxidation during free radical attack. 21 T-AOC reflects the overall ability to resist oxidation, while CAT scavenges hydrogen peroxide and plays an important role in the antioxidant process, 22 and LL-37 is an important innate immune effector molecule that regulates immunity, and promotes apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Majewski et al 23 reported that LL-37 inhibited the growth of M. tuberculosis, with higher LL-37 levels having stronger inhibitory effects.…”

Tribulus Terrestris L Extract Effects on Slow Down Ageing Process

“…When the cell loses or accepts a single electron, it produces ROS and reactive nitrogen species. Especially mitochondrial ROS contribute significantly to the aging process through the mitochondrial dysfunction from oxidative stress [21,22].…”