Acute acral eruptions in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Characteristics of 103 children and their family clusters

Hubiche, T.; Phan, Alice; Leducq, Sophie; Rapp, Joseph; Fertitta, L.; Aubert, H.; Barbarot, S.; Chiavérini, C.; Giraudeau, Bruno; Lasek, A.; Mallet, Sophie; Labarelle, A; Piram, Maryam; McCuaig, Catherine; Martin, Ludovic; Monitor, L.; Nicol, I; Bissuel, M.; Bellissen, A.; Jullien, D.; Lesort, Cécile; Vabres, P.; Maruani, Annabel

doi:10.1016/j.annder.2020.11.005

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Publications highlight the increase in the home infection rate by the proportion of family groups with at least one member presenting COVID-19 infection (Hubiche et al, 2021) or refer that the majority of infected children are likely to be secondary to exposure to a confirmed adult COVID-19 case (Jiehao et al, 2020). The current study found no association between children and adolescents seropositive for IgM and contact with a family member with COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…The current study found no association between children and adolescents seropositive for IgM and contact with a family member with COVID-19. Hubiche et al (2021) and Jiehao et al (2020) agreed that intra-family transmission is not yet fully understood, and requires longitudinal data to confirm these inferences. A French study evaluating the spread of COVID-19 concluded that in the context of increased viral transmission in the population, the spread among children and adolescents remained lower than that observed among adults, despite keeping schools open; however, the impact was age-dependent, with data from high schools close to that of adults (Guen et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of COVID-19 in children, adolescents and adults in remote education situations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

Júnior¹,

Moura²,

Cavalcante³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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A retrospective study was conducted to identify the prevalence of COVID-19 through serology and RT-PCR in children, adolescents and adults. A database of the COVID-19 Tracking Program in school children was used. Methods: The data comprised sociodemographic and clinical variables, results of serological tests (IgM and IgG), and real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results of IgM-positive individuals. The statistical analysis was performed with a 5% significance level. Results: Among 423 children, 107 (25.3%) exhibited seroprevalence with IgG, IgM or IgG/IgM; among 854 adolescents, 250 (29.2%) had positive serology; and among 282 adults, 59 (20.9%) were positive.The frequency of positivity on RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was 3.5%, 3.6% and 6.0% in children, adolescents and adults, respectively. Children had a lower incidence of symptoms than adolescents (p = 0.001) and adults (p = 0.003); the most frequent were fever, ageusia, anosmia, headache, dry cough, sore throat, muscle pain, runny nose, dyspnoea, and diarrhoea. Conclusions: The prevalence rate for all groups was 26.7% in serology and 4.04% in RT-PCR. Children had lower rates of IgM and fewer symptoms compared with adolescents and adults. The data suggest the potential for transmissibility in all age groups.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of COVID-19 in children, adolescents and adults in remote education situations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

Júnior¹,

Moura²,

Cavalcante³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Three lesions were reported as blue or bluish-red ( 16 , 23 , 44 ). In 470 cases, they were macules, papules or a combination of the two; plaques or patches were also reported in 27 cases ( 12 , 16 , 17 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 38 , 40 – 43 , 46 – 48 , 51 , 54 , 55 ). Eight lesions were macules or patches, 6 were reported as nodules, 1 was papulopustular, and 1 was reported as palpable ( 23 , 30 , 33 , 35 , 38 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though some lesions were asymptomatic, there were reports of pain in 334 cases and pruritis in 335 cases both prior to and with the onset of the lesions ( 6 , 11 – 15 , 17 – 20 , 23 – 25 , 27 – 30 , 32 – 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 – 55 , 57 ). In nine cases, pain, pruritis, and swelling were reported together ( 22 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilblains-Like Lesions in Pediatric Patients: A Review of Their Epidemiology, Etiology, Outcomes, and Treatment

Fennell

Onel

2022

Front. Pediatr.

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Vascular pathologies associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection are poorly understood. Color and sensory changes to the extremities, often referred to as “COVID toes” or chilblains-like lesions, have been widely reported in children and adolescents since the onset of the pandemic, raising the concern that they could be a vasculitis secondary to the infection. However, it is unclear if the lesions are a result of the infection or an epiphenomenon. Most literature focuses on adults, and while there are reports on children and adolescents, many of them are small. This review will help medical care providers better understand the epidemiology, etiology, outcomes, and potential treatments for chilblains-like lesions seen in children and adolescents during the pandemic.

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“…Yet, the Delta Variant of Concern (VOC), formerly known as the Indian VOC or B 1.617.2, rapidly became the dominant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in most western countries, and its spread was found mainly in younger, more affluent groups [ 4 ]. The respiratory syndrome (fever, cough, respiratory difficulties) is the main feature and thus the main target for clinical screening of children with suspected COVID-19 [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms related to COVID-19, such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, have emerged among extrapulmonary manifestations [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited Additive Diagnostic Impact of Isolated Gastrointestinal Involvement for the Triage of Children with Suspected COVID-19

et al. 2022

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The strategy for the selection of patients with a suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection is relevant for the organization of a children’s hospital to provide optimal separation into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 areas and pathways. We analyzed the proportion of children with COVID-19 presenting with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in 137 consecutive patients admitted between January 2020 and August 2021. GI symptoms were present as follows: diarrhea in 35 patients (26%), vomiting in 16 (12%), and both of them in five (3%); the combination of fever, respiratory symptoms, and diarrhea was observed in 16 patients (12%). Of the 676 adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to our hospital in the same time interval, 62 (9.2%) had diarrhea, 30 (4.4%) had vomiting, and 11 (1.6%) had nausea; only one patient, a 38-year-old male, presented with isolated GI symptoms at the diagnosis. Although diarrhea was observed in one quarter of cases, one-half of them had the complete triad of fever, respiratory syndrome, and diarrhea, and only five had isolated diarrhea, of which two were diagnosed with a Campylobacter infection. The occurrence of either respiratory symptoms or gastrointestinal symptoms in our patients was not related to the patient age, while younger children were more likely to have a fever. Of the 137 patients, 73 (53%) could be tested for their serum level of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies. The observed titer ranged between 0 (n = 3) and 1729 BAU/mL (median, 425 BAU/mL). Of 137 consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to our referral children’s hospital, only three presented with an isolated GI manifestation. It is interesting to note that this finding turned out to be fully in keeping with what was observed on adult patients with COVID-19 in our hospital. The additive diagnostic impact of gastrointestinal involvement for the triage of children with suspected COVID-19 appears limited.

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Acute acral eruptions in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Characteristics of 103 children and their family clusters

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of COVID-19 in children, adolescents and adults in remote education situations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

Prevalence of COVID-19 in children, adolescents and adults in remote education situations in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil

Chilblains-Like Lesions in Pediatric Patients: A Review of Their Epidemiology, Etiology, Outcomes, and Treatment

Limited Additive Diagnostic Impact of Isolated Gastrointestinal Involvement for the Triage of Children with Suspected COVID-19

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