High urinary excretion rate of glucose attenuates serum uric acid level in type 2 diabetes with normal renal function

Abstract

Aims/Introduction The relationship between urinary excretion rate of glucose (UEGL) and uric acid (UA) metabolism in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear to date. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of UEGL with serum UA (SUA), urinary excretion rate of uric acid (UEUA), and renal clearance of uric acid (CLUA) in adults with T2D. We hypothesised that high UEGL increases UA excretion, which in turn leads to lower SUA. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study of 635 inpatients with T2D recruited between 2018 and 2019. The relationships of UEGL with UEUA, CLUA, and hyperuricaemia were assessed using analysis of covariance and multivariate regression analysis. Results Patients in the higher quartile of UEGL tended to have lower SUA levels than those in the lower quartile. In contrast, patients in the higher quartile of UEGL tended to have higher CLUA (p for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for UEUA. In adjusted multivariable linear regression model, UEGL was negatively correlated with SUA (β = − 0.023, 95% CI − 0.034 to − 0.013, p < 0.0001). However, positive correlations of UEGL with UEUA (β = 0.046, 95% CI 0.018–0.074, p = 0.001) and CLUA (β = 0.063, 95% CI 0.042–0.085, p < 0.0001) were found. Furthermore, consistent significant inverse associations were observed between quartiles of UEGL and hyperuricaemia in the adjusted multivariate logistic regression model. Conclusions A high UEGL level was positively correlated with UEUA and CLUA. Moreover, it was inversely associated with SUA level, and a consistently increased UEGL level reduced the risk of hyperuricaemia in patients with T2D.

Gut Microbiota Characterization in Patients with Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia: probiotics increased

“…In contrast to the HUA, the AH is insidious. Continuous research has shown that continuously increasing UA levels are also closely related to many diseases, such as diabetes [ 2 ], hypertension [ 3 ], stroke [ 4 ], and myocardial infarction [ 5 ]. It also suggests the great harm of the AH.…”

Relationship between hyperuricemia with deposition and sexual dysfunction in males and females

“…The role of hyperuricemia as a potential cardiovascular risk factor should not be overlooked, as UA can promote the development of hypertension, atherosclerosis, fibrillation, and heart failure [ 76 ]: however, a recent meta-analysis study has highlighted that hyperuricemia, while potentially independently contributing to endothelial dysfunction, is more likely to be a reliable marker of systemic dysmetabolic disorders which might negatively affect erectile function [ 77 ]. Obesity, diabetes mellitus (and “diabesity”), chronic kidney disease, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, hypovitaminosis D, use of diuretics, and peripheral vascular disease are known risk factors and comorbidities for gout [ 78 – 82 ], which can potentially act on an already established state of asymptomatic hyperuricemia, promoting progression to clinical disease. These comorbidities, however, are also well known to sexual medicine experts: obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and the use of diuretics are known risk factors for the development of sexual dysfunctions in both men [ 13 , 15 , 17 , 83 – 85 ] and women [ 83 , 84 , 86 – 89 ].…”

Dose-Response Relationship of Uric Acid With Fasting Glucose, Insulin, and Insulin Resistance in a United States Cohort of 5,148 Non-diabetic People

“…In another study, which involved healthy people without diabetes ( n = 102), prediabetes ( n = 98), and diabetes ( n = 110), an inverse association was found between the SUA and fasting glucose levels and the prevalence of diabetes ( 37 ). These observations might be explained by higher renal clearance of uric acid in adult diabetic patients ( 38 ). The following reasons could potentially explain the differences in the above studies: (1) the participants involved in previous studies had different characteristics.…”