Galacto-oligosaccharides supplementation in prefrail older and healthy adults increased faecal bifidobacteria, but did not impact immune function and oxidative stress

Wilms, Ellen; An, Ran; Smolinska, Agnieszka; Stevens, Yala; Weseler, Antje R.; Elizalde, Montserrat; Drittij, Marie Jose; Ioannou, Athanasia; Schooten, Frederik J. van; Smidt, Hauke; Masclee, Ad; Zoetendal, Erwin G.; Jonkers, Daisy

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.034

Cited by 27 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Despite differences in fecal microbiota composition related to Bifidobacterium and Anaerostipus abundance between subjects consuming either GOS or control supplements, in the current study there were no significant differences shown in fecal SCFA. This is in line with findings of Wilms et al, who did not find a change in fecal SCFA concentrations after four weeks of GOS supplementation, despite showing differences in bifidobacterial abundance [45]. This could be related to the short intervention period applied.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Impact Stool Frequency and Fecal Microbiota in Self-Reported Constipated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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Constipation is a major issue for 10–20% of the global population. In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, we aimed to determine a dose-response effect of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on stool characteristics and fecal microbiota in 132 adults with self-reported constipation according to Rome IV criteria (including less than three bowel movements per week). Subjects (94% females, aged: 18–59 years) received either 11 g or 5.5 g of BiotisTM GOS, or a control product, once daily for three weeks. Validated questionnaires were conducted weekly to study primarily stool frequency and secondary stool consistency. At base- and endline, stool samples were taken to study fecal microbiota. A trend towards an increased stool frequency was observed after the intervention with 11 g of GOS compared to control. While during screening everybody was considered constipated, not all subjects (n = 78) had less than three bowel movements per week at baseline. In total, 11 g of GOS increased stool frequency compared to control in subjects with a low stool frequency at baseline (≤3 bowel movements per week) and in self-reported constipated adults 35 years of age or older. A clear dose-response of GOS was seen on fecal Bifidobacterium, and 11 g of GOS significantly increased Anaerostipes hadrus. In conclusion, GOS seems to be a solution to benefit adults with a low stool frequency and middle-aged adults with self-reported constipation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Impact Stool Frequency and Fecal Microbiota in Self-Reported Constipated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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“…Yet, a subsequent multicentre RCT with 365 infants found that while GOS supplementation altered faecal frequency and consistency, there was no effect on incidence of infection or allergic manifestation during the first year of life [ 215 ]. Likewise, conflicting studies in elderly individuals have proposed prebiotic GOS supplementation may have either no effect on immune function [ 216 ], or may increase immune function through enhanced phagocytic activity and activity of natural killer cells [ 217 , 218 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Modulation With Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?

2022

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, CFTR dysfunction results in low intestinal pH, thick and inspissated mucus, a lack of endogenous pancreatic enzymes, and reduced motility. These mechanisms, combined with antibiotic therapies, drive GI inflammation and significant alteration of the GI microbiota (dysbiosis). Dysbiosis and inflammation are key factors in systemic inflammation and GI complications including malignancy. The following review examines the potential for probiotic and prebiotic therapies to provide clinical benefits through modulation of the microbiome. Evidence from randomised control trials suggest probiotics are likely to improve GI inflammation and reduce the incidence of CF pulmonary exacerbations. However, the highly variable, low-quality data is a barrier to the implementation of probiotics into routine CF care. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials support the potential of dietary fibre and prebiotic supplements to beneficially modulate the microbiome in gastrointestinal conditions. To date, limited evidence is available on their safety and efficacy in CF. Variable responses to probiotics and prebiotics highlight the need for personalised approaches that consider an individual’s underlying microbiota, diet, and existing medications against the backdrop of the complex nutritional needs in CF.

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“… 9 In a recent study, it was shown that no significant changes in volatile compound profiles (using thermal desorption gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry) were found after 4 weeks of a prebiotic dietary fibre supplementation (galacto-oligosaccharides, 15g/day) both in elderly as well as in young adults after an overnight fast, indicating relatively small differences in exhaled breath profiles, which is in line with microbiota composition and fecal metabolite data. 19 The objective of the present exploratory study was to investigate the complex interaction between DF and gut microbiota by assessing BVM before and after 3 weeks of CG consumption in a representative homogeneous population of healthy young gender-mixed volunteers with the same level of education. The recruitment of subjects performed on a university site allowed to reach this objective since 7 men and 8 women with a mean age of 21 in good general health, as evidenced by medical history and physical examination, were included in the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of note, this number is in line with other studies focusing on breath metabolites analyses. 19 , 20 , 21 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath volatile metabolome reveals the impact of dietary fibres on the gut microbiota: Proof of concept in healthy volunteers

et al. 2022

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Galacto-oligosaccharides supplementation in prefrail older and healthy adults increased faecal bifidobacteria, but did not impact immune function and oxidative stress

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Impact Stool Frequency and Fecal Microbiota in Self-Reported Constipated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Impact Stool Frequency and Fecal Microbiota in Self-Reported Constipated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?

Breath volatile metabolome reveals the impact of dietary fibres on the gut microbiota: Proof of concept in healthy volunteers

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