Preparation of Multipurpose Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes via a Spray-Coating Strategy Using Waterborne Polymers

Abstract

As reported herein, the waterborne polymers poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) P(GMA-co-mPEGMA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) were used to prepare multipurpose polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes via a direct spray-coating method. P(GMA-co-mPEGMA) and PEI were alternately sprayed onto the PVDF membrane to yield stable cross-linked copolymer coatings. The successful coating of polymers onto the membrane surface was verified by scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization. The coated membrane exhibited oil rejection rates that exceeded 99.0% for oil water mixture separation and 98.0% for oil/water emulsion separation. The flux recovery ratio reached 96.7% after bovine serum albumin filtration and washing with water. The removal efficiencies of the coated membrane M3 for Congo red, methyl orange, methylene blue, and crystal violet, Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) were 82.4, 83.9, 6.3, 26.8, 90.6, 91.3, and 86.2%, respectively. Thus, it can be used for the removal of dyes and heavy metal ions from wastewater. The antibacterial activities of the coated membranes were also confirmed by the inhibition zone tests and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis. In addition, the cross-linking strategy provides the coated membranes with excellent durability and repeatability. More importantly, the use of water as the solvent can ensure that the application of these membrane coatings proceeds via a very safe and environmentally friendly coating process.

Supramolecular Assembly of β-Cyclodextrin-Modified Polymer by Electrospinning with Sustained Antibacterial Activity

“…It can be seen that the normalized ZOI of the PVA/Dox@β-CD-PEI/PCL/Ag nanofibrous membrane was the largest, which was 263.7, 281.2, and 296.2% at 8, 20, and 30 h, respectively. The normalized ZOI is larger than that of some other reported antibacterial materials. ,, The above results showed that the PVA/Dox@β-CD-PEI/PCL/Ag nanofibrous membrane had the best antibacterial effect.…”

“…The normalized ZOI is larger than that of some other reported antibacterial materials. 32,33,44 The above results showed that the PVA/Dox@β-CD-PEI/PCL/Ag nanofibrous membrane had the best antibacterial effect. In addition to ZOI, there was a zone with significantly less bacteria outside the ZOI of PVA/Dox@β-CD-PEI/PCL and PVA/Dox@β-CD-PEI/PCL/Ag nanofibrous membranes.…”

Smart Self-Cleaning Membrane via the Blending of an Upper Critical Solution Temperature Diblock Copolymer with PVDF

“…Initially, PTFEMA-Br was synthesized by the ATRP approach. A typical procedure was described in previous reports, , except that 11.7802 g of TFEMA, 0.1355 g of MEBrIB, 0.4910 g of dNbpy, 0.0862 g of CuBr, and 20.12 mL of anisole were used, and the reaction was performed at 80 ± 1 °C for 3 h. The product was purified via the precipitation method before it was dried under vacuum overnight. This procedure generated 10.5803 g of the polymer PTFEMA as a white powder in a 90.6% yield.…”

“…Membrane technology is an emerging separation process. In comparison with conventional processes, membrane technology is attractive as it offers high performance, is cost-effective, has a small footprint, and can be operated in a very simple way. − Membranes are therefore widely used in areas such as environmental remediation, medicine, and the food industry for water and wastewater treatment or product separation and purification. − However, membrane fouling has become a major obstacle that has limited the applications of this technology. ,,− To resolve the membrane fouling problem, various modified membranes have been developed, including smart membranes.…”

Hydrophilic and Positively Charged Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes for Water Treatment with Excellent Anti-Oil and Anti-Biocontamination Properties

“…To achieve antifouling PVDF membranes, different kinds of modifications have been developed [11,12]. The modification methods for PVDF membranes mainly include membrane surface modifications such as surface coating [13,14] and surface grafting [15,16], and membrane bulk modifications such as copolymerization modification [17,18] or blending modification [19,20]. Among them, blending modification can afford uniform membrane structure, consistent chemical composition, good separation effect, etc.…”