Arsenic and selenium measurements in nail and hair show important relationships to Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly

Köseoğlu, Emel; Kutuk, Burak; Nalbantoğlu, Ufuk; Köşeoğlu, Rahmi; Kendirci, Murat

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126684

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Despite the potential importance of selenium in AD investigations about selenium levels in AD patients are very limited due to the difficulties and variability in living environments and dietary states. This is probably also the main reason for the conflicting and inconsistent results currently available [ 266 ]. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies [ 267 ] found a significantly lowered selenium status in AD patients’ brains, with the lowest values in the temporal and hippocampal regions, which are pivotally involved in the memory processes.…”

Section: Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A very recent study on 40 AD patients in different clinical stages and 40 healthy controls found high selenium levels in nail and hair samples from AD patients. The authors hypothesised that the higher selenomethionine in nails and hairs corresponded to a lower selenocysteine concentration in the brain, thus explaining neurodegeneration as a consequence of the impairment of active selenium forms [ 266 ]. According to Vinceti et al, past case-control studies do not allow a reliable assessment of the role of selenium exposure in AD aetiology since they considered data about peripheral selenium exposure (e.g., toenail, hair, serum or plasma levels) and not central nervous system indicators such as cerebrospinal fluid [ 272 ].…”

Section: Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

2022

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Selenium is an essential microelement required for a number of biological functions. Selenium—and more specifically the amino acid selenocysteine—is present in at least 25 human selenoproteins involved in a wide variety of essential biological functions, ranging from the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration to the biosynthesis of hormones. These processes also play a central role in preventing and modulating the clinical outcome of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, mental disorders, cardiovascular disorders, fertility impairments, inflammation, and infections (including SARS-CoV-2). Over the past years, a number of studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and such pathologies have been reported. Generally, an adequate selenium nutritional state—and in some cases selenium supplementation—have been related to improved prognostic outcome and reduced risk of developing several diseases. On the other hand, supra-nutritional levels might have adverse effects. The results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on advances achieved in the last decade.

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Section: Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

2022

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“…In vivo studies showed that excessive exposure to As induced neuronal apoptosis, which interrupted the neurodevelopment and cognitive functions of rats [ 163 , 164 , 165 ]. Epidemiological studies in rural-dwelling adults and elders also show that As (3–15 µg/L) levels in water negatively correlated with the scores of cognitive performance and memory, indicating that As is a neurotoxic metalloid [ 166 ], which also acts as a risk factor for AD [ 33 , 167 , 168 , 169 ]. However, the mechanisms of As-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Metal-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Metal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders

Cheng

Yang

Tao

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Metals are actively involved in multiple catalytic physiological activities. However, metal overload may result in neurotoxicity as it increases formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevates oxidative stress in the nervous system. Mitochondria are a key target of metal-induced toxicity, given their role in energy production. As the brain consumes a large amount of energy, mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent decrease in levels of ATP may significantly disrupt brain function, resulting in neuronal cell death and ensuing neurological disorders. Here, we address contemporary studies on metal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on the nervous system.

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“…The findings on arsenic relation to cognitive function are not consistent [ 42 , 43 ]. The studies that analyzed serum arsenic did not find an association with AD [ 44 , 45 ], while greater arsenic in nail and hair of AD patients was reported [ 46 ]. There is evidence that arsenic accumulates in the brains of rodents [ 47 , 48 ] and humans [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer’s Disease Association with Metals and Metalloids Concentration in Blood and Urine

Strumylaitė

Kregždytė

Kučikienė

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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As there is some evidence that the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is partially attributable to environmental exposure to some metals and metalloids, we examined an association between AD and arsenic, chromium, and selenium in 53 AD patients and 217 controls. Urinary arsenic, blood chromium, and selenium were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Logistic regression models calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate AD association with arsenic, chromium, and selenium. In AD patients, urinary arsenic and blood chromium were significantly higher, while blood selenium was significantly lower compared to controls. Increased blood selenium was related to a significant decrease in the odds of AD after adjustment for risk factors. Blood selenium per 1 kg × 10−9/m3 × 10−4 increment was associated with 1.4 times lower risk of AD (OR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.58–0.87). A significant increase in the odds of AD associated with increased blood chromium was also seen in the adjusted model: the OR per 1 kg × 10−9/m3 × 10−3 chromium increment was 2.39 (95% CI 1.32–4.31). The association of urinary arsenic with the risk of AD was not significant. The data obtained provide evidence that selenium reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, while chromium increases it.

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Arsenic and selenium measurements in nail and hair show important relationships to Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

Mechanisms of Metal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders

Alzheimer’s Disease Association with Metals and Metalloids Concentration in Blood and Urine

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