Treatment of PFAS-containing landfill leachate using an enhanced contact plasma reactor

Singh, Raj Kamal; Brown, Elizabeth; Thagard, Selma Mededovic; Holsen, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124452

Cited by 73 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Both PFOS and PFOA were degraded by 90% in 10-75 min. Other long-and short-chain PFAAs were degraded by .99% (Singh et al 2020a). Another bench-scale batch plasma reactor was used to degrade PFAS from ion-exchange regenerant still bottom solutions containing a high concentration (∼100 mg/L) and a low concentration (,1 μg/L) of PFAS.…”

Section: Plasma-based Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and removal of poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants

Barışçı

Suri

2021

Water Science and Technology

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The presence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has caused serious problems for drinking water supplies especially at intake locations close to PFAS manufacturing facilities, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and sites where PFAS-containing firefighting foam was regularly used. Although monitoring is increasing, knowledge on PFAS occurrences particularly in municipal and industrial effluents is still relatively low. Even though the production of C8-based PFAS has been phased out, they are still being detected at many WWTPs. Emerging PFAS such as GenX and F-53B are also beginning to be reported in aquatic environments. This paper presents a broad review and discussion on the occurrence of PFAS in municipal and industrial wastewater which appear to be their main sources. Carbon adsorption and ion exchange are currently used treatment technologies for PFAS removal. However, these methods have been reported to be ineffective for the removal of short-chain PFAS. Several pioneering treatment technologies, such as electrooxidation, ultrasound, and plasma have been reported for PFAS degradation. Nevertheless, in-depth research should be performed for the applicability of emerging technologies for real-world applications. This paper examines different technologies and helps to understand the research needs to improve the development of treatment processes for PFAS in wastewater streams.

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Section: Plasma-based Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and removal of poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants

Barışçı

Suri

2021

Water Science and Technology

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“…Technologies for PFAS destruction by nonthermal plasma have been implemented by Onvector and others (Singh et al, 2021;Stratton et al, 2017). Onvector developed a plasma vortex system that can destroy PFAS on a commercial scale.…”

Section: Nonthermal Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ treatment and residual management of PFAS contaminated environmental media

Grieco

Koenigsberg²,

Claffey

et al. 2022

Remediation Journal

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This paper focuses on both commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for treating per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To date, conventional treatment technologies for PFAS removal from aqueous matrices involves the use of granular activated carbon, anion ion exchange resins, or reverse osmosis. Currently, the environmental industry is being flooded with new ex situ technologies designed to treat PFAS in both liquid and solid matrices. For more complex media, such as municipal wastewater and landfill leachate, significant pretreatment is generally required. Ex situ treatment/disposal methods for PFAS-contaminated solid wastes are generally limited to landfill disposal and incineration. The paper begins with a regulatory overview applicable to ex situ PFAS treatment technologies and then summarizes commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for drinking water and groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, and solid wastes. New technologies that have been developed but are less widely applied are also discussed. In addition, the paper provides a summary of the decision-making process for managing PFAS-containing wastes. | INTRODUCTIONThis paper was developed from presentations at the PFAS Experts Symposium 2 (Symposium), a virtual, invitation-only conference held on June 30 and July 1, 2021. A previous PFAS Experts Symposium was held in May 2019. A primary objective of the second Symposium was to share current information on per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) among experts in different scientific and technical fields with a focus on developments since the first Symposium. All of the listed authors participated in the Symposium and contributed to the discussions and presentations related to PFAS ex situ treatment technologies. The paper focuses on both commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for treating PFAS. The environmental industry is now being flooded with new ex situ technologies designed to treat PFAS in both liquid and solid matrices. To date, conventional treatment technologies for PFAS removal from aqueous matrices involve the use of granular activated carbon (GAC), anion ion exchange (AIX) resins, or reverse osmosis (RO). For more complex media, such as municipal wastewater and landfill leachate, significant pretreatment is generally required. Ex situ treatment/disposal methods for PFAS-contaminated solid wastes are generally limited to landfill disposal and incineration.The paper begins with a regulatory overview applicable to ex situ PFAS treatment technologies and then summarizes commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for drinking water and groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, and solid wastes. | REGULATORY OVERVIEWThere are currently no federally mandated remediation standards for PFAS and, therefore, remediation of PFAS-contaminated sites is typically driven by state regulations and guidance. There are currently

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“…A promising PWT reactor approach was recently developed that achieved rapid defluorination of a variety of PFAAs in aqueous solutions (Stratton et al, 2017) and led to a pilot‐scale (1–10 gpm) PWT reactor consisting of gas electrical discharge plasma coupled with argon gas bubbling. Effective PFAA treatment using this PWT approach has been demonstrated on various PFAS‐impacted water sources (e.g., AIX regenerant waste, landfill leachate, groundwater) with a wide range of water quality and PFAA concentrations (Nau‐Hix et al, 2021; Singh et al, 2020; Singh, Multari, et al, 2019). Reportedly, rapid and effective removal of long‐chain PFAA has been achieved (>99% in 10 min) with relatively low fluorinated by‐product generation (Singh et al, 2020; Singh, Fernando, et al, 2019; Singh, Multari, et al, 2019); however, treatment of short‐chain PFAA removal was less effective.…”

Section: Defluorination Of Pfas In Concentratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effective PFAA treatment using this PWT approach has been demonstrated on various PFAS‐impacted water sources (e.g., AIX regenerant waste, landfill leachate, groundwater) with a wide range of water quality and PFAA concentrations (Nau‐Hix et al, 2021; Singh et al, 2020; Singh, Multari, et al, 2019). Reportedly, rapid and effective removal of long‐chain PFAA has been achieved (>99% in 10 min) with relatively low fluorinated by‐product generation (Singh et al, 2020; Singh, Fernando, et al, 2019; Singh, Multari, et al, 2019); however, treatment of short‐chain PFAA removal was less effective. Reported energy consumptions for this process range from 1.7 to 36 kWh/m 3 depending on the source water quality and treatment goals (Singh et al, 2020; Tenorio et al, 2020).…”

Section: Defluorination Of Pfas In Concentratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reportedly, rapid and effective removal of long‐chain PFAA has been achieved (>99% in 10 min) with relatively low fluorinated by‐product generation (Singh et al, 2020; Singh, Fernando, et al, 2019; Singh, Multari, et al, 2019); however, treatment of short‐chain PFAA removal was less effective. Reported energy consumptions for this process range from 1.7 to 36 kWh/m 3 depending on the source water quality and treatment goals (Singh et al, 2020; Tenorio et al, 2020).…”

Section: Defluorination Of Pfas In Concentratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing and treating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

et al. 2021

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Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are present in many waters, have detrimental impacts on human health and the environment. Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) have shown excellent PFAS separation performance in water treatment; however, these membrane systems do not destroy PFAS but produce concentrated residual streams that need to be managed. Complete destruction of PFAS in RO and NF concentrate streams is ideal, but long-term sequestration strategies are also employed. Because no single technology is adequate for all situations, a range of processes are reviewed here that hold promise as components of treatment schemes for PFAS-laden membrane system concentrates. Attention is also given to relevant

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Treatment of PFAS-containing landfill leachate using an enhanced contact plasma reactor

Cited by 73 publications

References 23 publications

Occurrence and removal of poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants

Occurrence and removal of poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants

Ex situ treatment and residual management of PFAS contaminated environmental media

Managing and treating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

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