Hepatitis B virus in Lao dentists: A cross-sectional serological study

Mangkara, Bouasone; Xaydalasouk, Kinnaly; Chanthavilay, Phetsavanh; Kounnavong, Sengchanh; Sayasone, Somphou; Paboriboune, Phimpha; Black, Antony P.

doi:10.1016/j.aohep.2020.10.010

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Surprisingly, few African studies demonstrated good knowledge despite the fact that their HBV infection rate was higher than 6.7% ( 14 , 42 , 45 ). The average knowledge was reported in the cohort with a seroprevalence of 8.7% in the Asia region ( 49 ) Memon et al ( 51 ) and Mangkara et al ( 47 ) found poor knowledge in their participants with 4.7% and 5.0% HBV seroprevalence, respectively. However, Nguyen et al ( 48 ), who found the highest seroprevalence (9.8%), claimed that participants had a good knowledge of HBV infection ( 48 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the 25 included studies, nineteen were from Africa ( 10 , 14 , 20 , 31 – 46 ) and six from Asia ( 47 – 52 ). The studies were conducted across eleven countries with a total of 10,043 participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were also cases of HBV infection among technicians, nurse assistant, cleaning operators, and housekeeping staff ( 17 , 41 , 48 , 49 ). Accidental exposure to blood and blood products, occupational injuries such as needle-sticks and other injuries from sharp objects, lack of experience or practice with HBV infection, and not having been vaccinated were all risk factors for high seroprevalence of HBV infection in certain places ( 32 – 34 , 36 , 47 , 51 ). Mahamat et al ( 21 ) published a study on global seroprevalence among HCWs that was similar to ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maamor

Muhamad

Dali

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThe hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a blood-borne virus that can be transmitted by percutaneous and mucocutaneous contact with infected bodily fluid. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are more exposed to HBV infection. They must have a thorough understanding of HBV infection since they can contract and spread the virus. In this study, we systematically reviewed all published evidence on the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among HCWs. and synthesize evidence on the association between knowledge and awareness with HBV infection.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Scopus for studies reporting on HBV seroprevalence from January 1997 to September 2021 among healthcare workers. We used random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the pool prevalence of HBV infection.ResultsWe identified 25 studies that met our inclusion criteria, with data on 10,043 adults from 11 countries and two regions: Africa and Asia. The overall seroprevalence of HBV was 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6%), with Africa reporting higher estimates (5.0%, 95% CI 3.7%) than Asia population (4.0%, 95% CI 1.9%). The highest pooled prevalence estimate in African countries came from studies published in the Cameroon region (8.0%, 95% CI 5–10%) while the lowest came from Ethiopia (4.0%, 95% CI 2.6%). The overall seroprevalence estimates in the African population were significantly higher than those in the Asian group. Studies in Africa found that the average knowledge and seroprevalence were 1.4% and 11.0%, respectively where, eight studies (53.3%) reported good knowledge and seven studies (46.7%) reported average knowledge. In Asia, two studies (40.0%) reported good knowledge, one study (20.0%) reporting average knowledge, and two studies (40.0%) reporting poor knowledge. African studies demonstrated good knowledge despite the fact that their HBV infection rate was higher than 6.7%.ConclusionAfrica and Asia have the highest seroprevalence of HBV infection. Improving the comparability of epidemiological and clinical studies constitutes an important step forward. More high-quality data is needed to improve the precision of burden estimates.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42021279905.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Healthcare Workers in Asia and Africa and Its Association With Their Knowledge and Awareness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maamor

Muhamad

Dali

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…The HBsAg prevalence of 7.1% in female health care workers was higher than reported for women in some studies (23,24,31), but is comparable to others (12,26,28). Dental workers in a study from 2018 also showed a high proportion of previous exposure (37.8% anti-HBc+) and 5% were chronically infected(36).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining 18 articles focused solely on the prevalence of HBV markers. Four studies were conducted in first-time blood donors (17)(18)(19)(20), two studies investigated the aetiology of jaundice and hepatitis in Vientiane (21,22), 12 studies were conducted in the general population (including pregnant women) (12,23,32,33,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31) and three studies focused on risk groups (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: General Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus infection in the Lao PDR: A systematic review

Hefele

Nouanthong²,

Huebschen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction Even though hepatitis B is endemic in the Lao PDR, the understanding of the epidemiology of hepatitis B infection is incomplete. This article reviews the available literature about hepatitis B seroprevalence, risk factors and genotypes in the Lao population in order to provide an up-to date summary of the HBV epidemiology in the Lao PDR, identify knowledge gaps and provide public health recommendations. Methods Using PubMed/Medline and ScienceDirect, all studies reporting the prevalence of hepatitis B markers or genotype distribution in the Lao PDR published were systematically reviewed. Results The 21 studies included focused on the general population, blood donors, women, children, health care workers and garment factory workers. The studies varied extensively in sample size, target population, methods, study location and time periods. The prevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in blood donors was reported to be 8.7%-9.6% in 2003-2006. In the years 2011-2012, the reported HBsAg prevalence among women (including pregnant women) ranged from 0%-9.5% and among children aged 5-9 years from 1.7%-8.7%, depending on study location and age. The majority of strains characterized in Lao PDR belonged to genotypes B and C. Conclusion Studies displayed considerable heterogeneity in populations, design and laboratory methods. A high HBsAg prevalence was reported in adults including pregnant women. Low infant vaccination coverage and compromised vaccine immunogenicity were found. Only two studies focused on HBV in risk populations, emphasizing the need for further studies to characterize hepatitis B epidemiology in potentially vulnerable groups. Hepatitis B infection continues to represent a substantial public health threat in the Lao PDR and needs to be monitored to inform health authorities and to counteract over-burdening of the health care system. In order to end mother to child transmission, vaccination coverage with the hepatitis B birth dose should be increased.

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