The Healthy Airway Mycobiome in Individuals of Asian Descent

Ali, Nur A’tikah Binte Mohamed; Ivan, Fransiskus Xaverius; Aogáin, Micheál Mac; Narayana, Jayanth Kumar; Lee, Shuen Yee; Lim, Chin Leong; Chotirmall, Sanjay H.

doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.09.072

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(34 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 72 In addition, some common fungi in the sputum and oral cavity, including Candida , Aspergillus , and Saccharomyces , were less frequent in the EBC. 73 − 75 This is possibly related to the respiratory pattern differences, and the oral cavity microbiota is prone to entrainment in speech-produced particles. 24 To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate the fungal taxa in healthy human EBC using a culture-independent HTS method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Profile of the Human Expiratory Microbiota and Its Associations with Indoor Microbiotas

Zhang

Shen

Yang

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microorganisms residing in the human respiratory tract can be exhaled, and they constitute a part of environmental microbiotas. However, the expiratory microbiota community and its associations with environmental microbiotas remain poorly understood. Here, expiratory bacteria and fungi and the corresponding microbiotas from the living environments were characterized by DNA amplicon sequencing of residents’ exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and environmental samples collected from 14 residences in Nanjing, China. The microbiotas of EBC samples, with a substantial heterogeneity, were found to be as diverse as those of skin, floor dust, and airborne microbiotas. Model fitting results demonstrated the role of stochastic processes in the assembly of the expiratory microbiota. Using a fast expectation–maximization algorithm, microbial community analysis revealed that expiratory microbiotas were differentially associated with other types of microbiotas in a type-dependent and residence-specific manner. Importantly, the expiratory bacteria showed a composition similarity with airborne bacteria in the bathroom and kitchen environments with an average of 12.60%, while the expiratory fungi showed a 53.99% composition similarity with the floor dust fungi. These differential patterns indicate different relationships between expiratory microbiotas and the airborne microbiotas and floor dust microbiotas. The results here illustrated for the first time the associations between expiratory microbiotas and indoor microbiotas, showing a potential microbial exchange between the respiratory tract and indoor environment. Thus, improved hygiene and ventilation practices can be implemented to optimize the indoor microbial exposome, especially in indoor bathrooms and kitchens.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Profile of the Human Expiratory Microbiota and Its Associations with Indoor Microbiotas

Zhang

Shen

Yang

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Emerging work by our group and others suggests that it has clinical relevance; however, geographic variability must be considered [ 2 , 16 , 21 , 33 , 34 ]. As the isolation and culture of fungi have been problematic in clinical practice, next-generation sequencing (NGS) now provides even greater insight into the ‘unculturable fungal communities’ that exist in health and disease [ 26 , 35 ]. These emerging datasets suggest that the role of fungi extend well beyond Aspergillus alone and clinicians need to consider other fungal taxa, including how they may potentially interact with other microbial kingdoms, particularly in the setting of chronically inflamed and diseased airways, such as that observed in COPD and bronchiectasis [ 9 , 24 ].…”

Section: Clinical Aspergillus Signatures In Copd A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of the mycobiome, however, is less well established, largely due to the inherent methodological challenges associated with mycobiome sequencing as previously described [ 26 , 84 ]. Even fewer studies have evaluated the respiratory mycobiome in health, although high inter-individual variability must be considered in evaluating such datasets due to variation in sample collection and sequencing methodologies, geographic and climatic factors, and individual host exposure between participants in the various study cohorts [ 35 , 84 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. While differences in mycobiome taxa exist between studies, the dominant genera in oral, sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples include Aspergillus , Cladosporium , Candida , Mycosphaerella, and Malassezia , with an overall lower abundance detected in BAL [ 35 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ].…”

Section: The Pulmonary Mycobiome In Health Copd and Bronchiectasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even fewer studies have evaluated the respiratory mycobiome in health, although high inter-individual variability must be considered in evaluating such datasets due to variation in sample collection and sequencing methodologies, geographic and climatic factors, and individual host exposure between participants in the various study cohorts [ 35 , 84 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. While differences in mycobiome taxa exist between studies, the dominant genera in oral, sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples include Aspergillus , Cladosporium , Candida , Mycosphaerella, and Malassezia , with an overall lower abundance detected in BAL [ 35 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. In a prospective study of healthy Asians, discrepancies in the previously reported dominant taxa were observed and Candida , Saccharomyces , Ganoderma , and Grammothele reported [ 8 , 10 ].…”

Section: The Pulmonary Mycobiome In Health Copd and Bronchiectasismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical Aspergillus Signatures in COPD and Bronchiectasis

Tiew

Thng

Chotirmall

2022

JoF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pulmonary mycoses remain a global threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with airways disease, including COPD and bronchiectasis, are at increased risks of pulmonary mycoses and its associated complications. Frequent use of antibiotics and corticosteroids coupled with impaired host defenses predispose patients to fungal colonization and airway persistence, which are associated with negative clinical consequences. Notably, Aspergillus species remain the best-studied fungal pathogen and induce a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in COPD and bronchiectasis ranging from colonization and sensitization to more invasive disease. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has gained prominence in the field of respiratory infection, and in some cases is beginning to act as a viable alternative to traditional culture. NGS has revolutionized our understanding of airway microbiota and in particular fungi. In this context, it permits the identification of the previously unculturable, fungal composition, and dynamic change within microbial communities of the airway, including potential roles in chronic respiratory disease. Furthermore, inter-kingdom microbial interactions, including fungi, in conjunction with host immunity have recently been shown to have important clinical roles in COPD and bronchiectasis. In this review, we provide an overview of clinical Aspergillus signatures in COPD and bronchiectasis and cover the current advances in the understanding of the mycobiome in these disease states. The challenges and limitations of NGS will be addressed.

show abstract

“…Healthy lungs contain a highly diverse inter-kingdom community of bacteria, viruses, and fungi including Prevotella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Corynebacteria [13][14][15]. A healthy lung mycobiome is described and the role of microbial interactions within the lung in disease pathogenesis and progression is emerging [16,17]. How this relates to resident mucus and its properties remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucus, Microbiomes and Pulmonary Disease

Meldrum

Chotirmall

2021

Biomedicines

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The respiratory tract harbors a stable and diverse microbial population within an extracellular mucus layer. Mucus provides a formidable defense against infection and maintaining healthy mucus is essential to normal pulmonary physiology, promoting immune tolerance and facilitating a healthy, commensal lung microbiome that can be altered in association with chronic respiratory disease. How one maintains a specialized (healthy) microbiome that resists significant fluctuation remains unknown, although smoking, diet, antimicrobial therapy, and infection have all been observed to influence microbial lung homeostasis. In this review, we outline the specific role of polymerizing mucin, a key functional component of the mucus layer that changes during pulmonary disease. We discuss strategies by which mucin feed and spatial orientation directly influence microbial behavior and highlight how a compromised mucus layer gives rise to inflammation and microbial dysbiosis. This emerging field of respiratory research provides fresh opportunities to examine mucus, and its function as predictors of infection risk or disease progression and severity across a range of chronic pulmonary disease states and consider new perspectives in the development of mucolytic treatments.

show abstract

The Healthy Airway Mycobiome in Individuals of Asian Descent

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Insights into the Profile of the Human Expiratory Microbiota and Its Associations with Indoor Microbiotas

Insights into the Profile of the Human Expiratory Microbiota and Its Associations with Indoor Microbiotas

Clinical Aspergillus Signatures in COPD and Bronchiectasis

Mucus, Microbiomes and Pulmonary Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About