Membrane interactions of the anuran antimicrobial peptide HSP1-NH2: Different aspects of the association to anionic and zwitterionic biomimetic systems
“…It exhibited an inhibitory effect against herpesvirus (HSV-1), paramyxoviruses (MeV and HPIV-2), and coronaviruses (HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2) [ 6 ]. On the contrary, the antiviral potency of RV-23, Hylin-a1, Deserticolin-1 and Hylaseptin-P1 was completely unknown, while their antibacterial activity was widely described [ 13 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. For instance, recently, we demonstrated that Hylin-a1 exerted a bactericidal action against Staphylococcus aureus multi-resistant strains [ 41 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this regard, frogs release AMPs in the dermal glands through a holocrine mechanism to defend themselves [ 9 , 10 ]. According to the literature, there are many peptides secreted by different species of amphibians that, despite belonging to different families, share structural, chemical, and physical characteristics [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. They are small cationic peptides of 10-50 amino acid residues with a net charge generally between +2 and +6.…”
Given the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), zoonoses have raised in the spotlight of the scientific community. Animals have a pivotal role not only for this infection, but also for many other recent emerging and re-emerging viral diseases, where they may represent both intermediate hosts and/or vectors for zoonoses diffusion. Today, roughly two-thirds of human infections are derived from animal origins; therefore, the search for new broad-spectrum antiviral molecules is mandatory to prevent, control and eradicate future epidemic outbreaks. Host defense peptides, derived from skin secretions of amphibians, appear as the right alternative to common antimicrobial drugs. They are cationic peptides with an amphipathic nature widely described as antibacterial agents, but less is reported about their antiviral potential. In the present study, we evaluated the activity of five amphibian peptides, namely RV-23, AR-23, Hylin-a1, Deserticolin-1 and Hylaseptin-P1, against a wide panel of enveloped animal viruses. A strong virucidal effect was observed for RV-23, AR-23 and Hylin-a1 against bovine and caprine herpesviruses, canine distemper virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and Schmallenberg virus. Our results identified these three peptides as potential antiviral-led candidates with a putative therapeutic effect against several animal viruses.
“…It exhibited an inhibitory effect against herpesvirus (HSV-1), paramyxoviruses (MeV and HPIV-2), and coronaviruses (HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2) [ 6 ]. On the contrary, the antiviral potency of RV-23, Hylin-a1, Deserticolin-1 and Hylaseptin-P1 was completely unknown, while their antibacterial activity was widely described [ 13 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. For instance, recently, we demonstrated that Hylin-a1 exerted a bactericidal action against Staphylococcus aureus multi-resistant strains [ 41 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this regard, frogs release AMPs in the dermal glands through a holocrine mechanism to defend themselves [ 9 , 10 ]. According to the literature, there are many peptides secreted by different species of amphibians that, despite belonging to different families, share structural, chemical, and physical characteristics [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. They are small cationic peptides of 10-50 amino acid residues with a net charge generally between +2 and +6.…”
Given the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), zoonoses have raised in the spotlight of the scientific community. Animals have a pivotal role not only for this infection, but also for many other recent emerging and re-emerging viral diseases, where they may represent both intermediate hosts and/or vectors for zoonoses diffusion. Today, roughly two-thirds of human infections are derived from animal origins; therefore, the search for new broad-spectrum antiviral molecules is mandatory to prevent, control and eradicate future epidemic outbreaks. Host defense peptides, derived from skin secretions of amphibians, appear as the right alternative to common antimicrobial drugs. They are cationic peptides with an amphipathic nature widely described as antibacterial agents, but less is reported about their antiviral potential. In the present study, we evaluated the activity of five amphibian peptides, namely RV-23, AR-23, Hylin-a1, Deserticolin-1 and Hylaseptin-P1, against a wide panel of enveloped animal viruses. A strong virucidal effect was observed for RV-23, AR-23 and Hylin-a1 against bovine and caprine herpesviruses, canine distemper virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and Schmallenberg virus. Our results identified these three peptides as potential antiviral-led candidates with a putative therapeutic effect against several animal viruses.
“…Piscidins identified in the mast cells of fish exert their fungicidal effects on C. albicans by disrupting the fungal membranes through pore formation [436,447]. An antimicrobial peptide from the tree frog Hyla punctata, hylaseptin P1-NH2, demonstrates strong antifungal potential by promoting membrane disruption [448]. Another clinically important group is antifungal macrolides and polyene antibiotics.…”
Section: Agents With Direct Action On Fungal Lipid Membranementioning
One of the global challenges of the 21st century is the increase in mortality from infectious diseases against the backdrop of the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this regard, it is worth targeting antibacterials towards the membranes of pathogens that are quite conservative and not amenable to elimination. This review is an attempt to critically analyze the possibilities of targeting antimicrobial agents towards enzymes involved in pathogen lipid biosynthesis or towards bacterial, fungal, and viral lipid membranes, to increase the permeability via pore formation and to modulate the membranes’ properties in a manner that makes them incompatible with the pathogen’s life cycle. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each approach in the search for highly effective but nontoxic antimicrobial agents. Examples of compounds with a proven molecular mechanism of action are presented, and the types of the most promising pharmacophores for further research and the improvement of the characteristics of antibiotics are discussed. The strategies that pathogens use for survival in terms of modulating the lipid composition and physical properties of the membrane, achieving a balance between resistance to antibiotics and the ability to facilitate all necessary transport and signaling processes, are also considered.
The discovery of antibiotics has saved millions of lives, but the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria has become another problem in modern medicine. To avoid or reduce the overuse of antibiotics in antibacterial treatments, stimuli‐responsive materials, pathogen‐targeting nanoparticles, immunogenic nano‐toxoids, and biomimetic materials are being developed to make sterilization better and smarter than conventional therapies. The common goal of smart antibacterial materials (SAMs) is to increase the antibiotic efficacy or function via an antibacterial mechanism different from that of antibiotics in order to increase the antibacterial and biological properties while reducing the risk of drug resistance. The research and development of SAMs are increasingly interdisciplinary because new designs require the knowledge of different fields and input/collaboration from scientists in different fields. A good understanding of energy conversion in materials, physiological characteristics in cells and bacteria, and bactericidal structures and components in nature are expected to promote the development of SAMs. In this review, the importance of multidisciplinary insights for SAMs is emphasized, and the latest advances in SAMs are categorized and discussed according to the pertinent disciplines including materials science, physiology, and biomimicry.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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