Resveratrol and other Stilbenes: Effects on Dysregulated Gene Expression in Cancers and Novel Delivery Systems

Abstract

<jats:sec> <jats:title>:</jats:title> <jats:p>Trans-resveratrol (RESV), pterostilbene, trans-piceid and trans-viniferins are bioactive stilbenes present in grapes and other plants. Several groups applied biotechnology to introduce their synthesis in plant crops. Biochemical interaction with enzymes, regulation of non-coding RNAs, and activation of signaling pathways and transcription factors are among the main effects described in literature. However, solubility in ethanol, short half-life, metabolism by gut bacteria, make difficult to achieve the concentration responsible for the effects observed in cultured cells. Derivatives obtained by synthesis, trans-resveratrol analogs and methoxylated stilbenes show to be more stable and allow the synthesis of bioactive compounds with higher bioavailability. However, changes in chemical structure may require testing for toxicity. Thus, delivery of RESV and its natural analogs incorporated into liposomes or nanoparticles, is the best choice to ensure stability during administration and appropriate absorption. The application of -RESV and its derivatives with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity is presented with description of novel clinical trials.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

Synthesis of a Coumarin-Based Analogue of Schweinfurthin F

“…Furthermore, the target compound 41 displays both significant antiproliferative activity in the NCI 60-cell line screen and fluorescent properties that may help illuminate the mechanism of action for the schweinfurthins. Finally, the reactions and strategies reported here might be applicable to preparation of fluorescent analogues of other natural stilbenes, including compounds such as combretastatin, 33 resveratrol 34,35 and its myriad derivatives, 36 the chiricanines, 37 the arachidins and arahypins, 38 and the pawhuskins. 39 ■ EXPERIMENTAL SECTION General Section.…”

Lemongrass Essential Oil Components with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

“…Long non-coding RNAs, such as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), may sponge a group of miRNAs and the relative abundance thereof determines whether the miRNA can exert its effects or is bound to the sponge [ 154 ]. This has been clearly reviewed for stilbenes [ 155 ] and other plant bioactives [ 155 , 156 ].…”

Lemongrass Essential Oil Components with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

“…On the other side, when specific bioactives have been studied as anti-cancer agents, pleiotropic effects have been observed, without precise indication of the main target or signalling pathway. For instance, resveratrol and stilbenes are known to regulate different signalling pathways [150]. Biochemical interaction with enzymes, regulation of non-coding RNAs, and activation of signalling pathways and transcription factors are among the main effects observed.…”

“…Therefore chromatin accessibility (opening or compaction), access to transcription machinery, and promoter methylation are the principal mechanisms that are targeted by plant extracts, essential oils, and individual bioactives. This has been clearly reviewed for stilbenes [150] and other plant bioactives [154].…”