32×32 Full-Rate Massive MIMO Using Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code (QOSTBC)

Abstract

In this paper, we present the bit-error rate (BER) performance of quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system employing up to 32 transmit and receive antennas. The QOSTBC, due to its advantages in transmission rate and decoding complexity, is an important transmit diversity scheme for more than 2 transmit antennas. As massive MIMO implies very large number of antennas, practically at least more than 15 antennas, a different number of transmit and receive antennas (i.e. 2×2, 4×4, 8×8, 16×16 and 32×32) using QOSTBC for the massive MIMO system are considered. The BER performance of the massive MIMO with antennas up to 32×32 using BPSK modulation scheme is analyzed. Simulation results show that the full-rate massive MIMO systems with QOSTBC give a significant performance improvement due to increasing diversity effect, compared with previously considered massive MIMO systems.