The Promising Effects of Transplanted Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Treatment in Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Many studies have reported the recovery ability of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) for neural diseases. In this study, the authors explored the roles of UC-MSCs to treat the traumatic brain injury. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from healthy neonatal rat umbilical cord immediately after delivery. The traumatic brain injury (TBI) model was formed by the classical gravity method. The authors detected the behavior changes and measured the levels of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-lβ and tumor necrosis factor-α by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation between TBI treated and untreated with UC-MSCs. Simultaneously, the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured by real-time–polymerase chain reaction and ELISA.The authors found that the group of transplantation UC-MSCs has a significant improvement than other group treated by phosphate buffered saline. In the behavioral test, the Neurological Severity Scores of UC-MSCs + TBI group were lower than TBI group (P < 0.05), but not obviously higher than control group at 2, 3, and 4week, respectively. The inflammatory factors are significantly reduced comparison with TBI group (P < 0.05), but both GDNF and BDNF were higher than TBI group (P < 0.05). The results indicated that UC-MSCs might play an important role in TBI recovery through inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and increasing the expression of GDNF and BDNF.

Cell Secretome: Basic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities for CNS Disorders

“…MSC-based therapies have shown promising results for the treatment of CNS-related diseases such as SCI [21][22][23], TBI [24,25], IS [26][27][28], and PD [20]. Although the mechanism of action remains to be completely understood.…”

Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome as a therapeutic strategy for traumatic brain injury

“…46 Similarly, transplantation of MSCs inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and promotes neurological recovery in TBI. 47 The results of the clinical trial also support the use of MSCs for the treatment of TBI. Transplantation of autologous bone marrow MSCs improved neurological recovery without evidence of toxicity.…”

“…In another study, treatment of TBI mice with MSCs stimulates the injured brain to induce trophic events that resulted in improvement in neurological function . Similarly, transplantation of MSCs inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and promotes neurological recovery in TBI . The results of the clinical trial also support the use of MSCs for the treatment of TBI.…”

Study on umbilical cord-matrix stem cells transplantation for treatment of acute trauma brain injury in rats

“…In China, there are approximately 600,000 patients with traumatic brain injury every year, among which 100,000 are dead. The incidence of TBI in China also increases year by year on account for the rapid development of road exhibited that MSCs played a vital role in the treatment of central nervous system disease, such as brain injury, stroke and spinal cord injury (26). MSCs are adult stem cells which derive from the mesoderm and ectoderm and are widely present in many adult organs and connective tissues, such as bone marrow, fat, amniotic fluid, skeletal muscle, fetal lung, fetal liver, umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord neurotransmitters had deeper curative effect on brain injury.…”

“…They are abundant in the bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, systemic connective tissues and organs. As a source of mesenchymal stem cells, the umbilical cord presents an incomparable advantage, and also shows a distinct advantage over the bone marrow MSCs on separation, preparation, storage (6,14,22,24,26). However, studies on stem cell infusion by the infection of pathogenic microorganisms are far fewer than on bone marrow transplantation.…”