Case report and review of the literature of primary gastrointestinal amyloidosis diagnosed with enteroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography

Abstract

Here, we report a rare case of primary gastrointestinal amyloidosis in a stable condition after being followed up for three years. The patient was admitted to the hospital in 2014. Tests showed decreased levels of hemoglobin and ferritin. Transoral and transanal enteroscopy showed multiple nodular protuberances in the esophagus, ileum, colon and rectum. Endoscopic ultrasonography indicated the nodular protuberances stemmed from the submucosa and partially invaded the intrinsic myometrium. Pathological examinations found multiple small nodules in the submucosa and dyed structures, which were positive for special Congo red dyeing. After treatment with oral iron supplements, the levels of hemoglobin and ferritin became normal. It is concluded that the patient represents a case of primary gastrointestinal amyloidosis with multiple nodular protuberances in the digestive tract with controllable moderate abdominal discomfort and anemia and a benign course. Enteroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography play an important role in the diagnosis of primary gastrointestinal amyloidosis.

Gastrointestinal amyloidosis in a patient with smoldering multiple myeloma: A case report

“…On endoscopy, gastrointestinal amyloidosis can mimic inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic colitis, and gastrointestinal tumors. Amyloidosis can appear as granular-appearing mucosa, polyps, erosions, ulcers, and submucosal hematomas[ 10 ]. The endoscopic manifestation of amyloidosis depends on the location and the amount of amyloid deposition.…”