Accuracy of the Demirjian and Willems methods of dental age estimation for children from central southern China

Yang, Zedeng; Geng, Kun; Liu, Yanfang; Sun, Shule; Wen, Dan; Xiao, Jianru; Zheng, Yin; Cai, Ji-feng; Zha, Lagabaiyila; Liu, Ying

doi:10.1007/s00414-018-1924-3

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The radiographic evaluation of teeth mineralization and assessment of tooth eruption are the two main methods of CA estimation [4,5]. As the eruption of permanent teeth (PT) is easily affected by environmental factors, such as eating habits, nutrition status, local trauma, and persistence of deciduous teeth [3,6,7], recent studies of CA estimation based on radiographically observed that teeth mineralization has wider application in both forensic medicine and clinical oral medicine [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

Yang

Wen

Xiao

et al. 2021

Forensic Sciences Research

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Cameriere’s European formula for age estimation in children in South China and to adapt the formula to establish a more suitable formula for these children. Moreover, the performance of dental age estimation based on Cameriere’s method combining the developmental information of permanent teeth (PT) and third molar (TM) was also analysed. Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. The samples of Group A were divided into training dataset 1 and test dataset 1, and the samples of Group B were also divided into training dataset 2 and test dataset 2. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. Additionally, a PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The Cameriere’s European formula underestimated chronological age with a mean difference (ME) of −0.47 ± 1.11 years in males and −0.69 ± 1.19 years in females. However, the South China-specific formula underestimated chronological age, with a mean difference (ME) of −0.02 ± 0.71 years in males and −0.14 ± 0.73 years in females. Compared with PT model and TM model, the PT and TM combined model obtained the smallest root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.29 years in males and 0.93 years in females. In conclusion, the South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children. Key points Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. A PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

Yang

Wen

Xiao

et al. 2021

Forensic Sciences Research

Self Cite

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“…Considering that dental development is partly regulated by some factors including ethnicity and social environment, the authors speculated that their estimation may be inaccurate in other populations. A series of publications have revealed its inaccuracies [19,[21][22][23]25]. Hence, rather than setting a universal standard, a population-specific standard will achieve the most accurate age assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are consistent with those of previous studies. Zhai et al [ 27 ] and Wang et al [ 25 ] evaluated 11–18-year-old children and found that the Demirjian method was more accurate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The estimated age difference (CA-DA) using the modified method was − 0.04 year for boys and − 0.09 year for girls, and it estimated the age of 83.7% of boys and 79.6% of girls within ± 1 year range, showing it to be more accurate than Demirjian method and Willems method. For example, Wang et al showed that the Demirjian method was found to be more accurate compared with the Willems method for estimation of the ages of children from eastern China, with the mean underestimations of 0.66 year for boys and 0.62 year for girls [ 25 ]. Yang et al found that, in 8–16-year-old southern Chinese children, the Willems method underestimated DA by 0.03 year for girls and overestimated it by 0.03 year for boys, and the Demirjian method underestimated DA by 0.54 year for girls and 0.44 year for boys [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It showed that, as tested in different populations, including Somali [16], South Australian [18], Navi Mumbai [19], and Malaysian [20], the accuracy of estimating DA was consistently higher than that of the Demirjian method [21,22]. Ethnic differences are thought to be a significant factor in the development of dental maturity [23][24][25]. For example, the DA by the Demirjian method for Chinese northern children comparing with the Willems method obviously overestimates the dental of boys and girls, which is not accurate [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A modified dental age assessment method for 5- to 16-year-old eastern Chinese children

et al. 2021

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Objectives Age estimation is widely applied in the field of orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and forensic science. Dental age estimation by the radiological method is frequently used because of its convenience and noninvasiveness. However, there are not enough suitable methods for eastern Chinese children. This study aimed to establish a modified formula for eastern Chinese children according to the Demirjian method and then compared the accuracy of the modified method with the Demirjian method and Willems method. Materials and methods A total of 2367 dental panoramic radiographs from individuals aged 5–16 years of eastern China were collected as samples. Age estimation was conducted using the Demirjian and Willems methods. The polynomial curve fitting method was used to modify the Demirjian method to improve its application to the eastern Chinese children. The paired t test and accuracy ratio were used to compare the applicability of the modified methods with two commonly used methods. Results The mean chronological age (CA) of the subjects was 11.20 ± 3.29 years for boys and 10.99 ± 3.12 years for girls. The mean difference values between the CA and dental age (DA) (CA–DA) using the Demirjian and Willems methods were 0.73 and 0.7 for boys, respectively, and both 0.79 for girls. The modified method using the polynomial curve fitting presented a smaller underestimation compared with CA for both boys (0.04 years) and girls (0.09 years), which showed a high suitability to Chinese children to some extent. Conclusions The Willems method was more accurate in estimating DA compared with the Demirjian method. However, the modified method was more accurate than the two methods; therefore, it can be used in eastern Chinese children. Clinical relevance It was thought to be a non-invasive, convenient, and efficient method to connect DA and CA. By estimating dental age, pediatrist, and orthodontists can better understand the development of permanent teeth and provide a more accurate orthodontic treatment time and treatment plan to children patients.

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Dental age estimation using degenerative changes in lower premolars in a northern Chinese population

Hou

Li²,

Olze

et al. 2019

Rechtsmedizin

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Accuracy of the Demirjian and Willems methods of dental age estimation for children from central southern China

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

Application of Cameriere’s method for dental age estimation in children in South China

A modified dental age assessment method for 5- to 16-year-old eastern Chinese children

Dental age estimation using degenerative changes in lower premolars in a northern Chinese population

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