“…In the Western diet, for example, saturated fats, red meats, and refined carbohydrates tend to exceed fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, seafood, and poultry. Not surprisingly, this dietary regimen has been linked to hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and increased risk of cancer, outcomes that likely occur via epigenetic alterations [ 281 , 282 , 283 , 284 ]. By contrast, the Mediterranean diet, which is traditionally rich in fruits, vegetables, fish and poultry, whole grains and healthy fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats), but poor in red meat and saturated fats, is associated with a reduced risk of overall mortality [ 285 , 286 ].…”