Allergen content in German cockroach extracts and sensitization profiles to a new expanded set of cockroach allergens determine in vitro extract potency for IgE reactivity

Glesner, Jill; Filep, Stephanie; Vailes, Lisa D.; Wünschmann, Sabina; Chapman, Martin D.; Birrueta, Giovanni; Jeong, Kyoung Yong; Schal, Coby; Bacharier, Leonard B.; Beigelman, Avraham; Busse, Paula J.; Schulten, Véronique; Sette, Alessandro; Pomés, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.036

Cited by 43 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…Notably, between‐group differences were detected in response to validated T cell epitope pools, but not in response to a commercial CR extract. Several studies have documented that the relative content of different allergens in allergen extracts, including CR extracts, varies substantially . In addition, we have reported several CR‐derived proteins capable of inducing potent T cell responses, despite not being classified as CR allergens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The association of allergic sensitization patterns in early childhood with disease manifestations and immunological reactivity at 10 years of age

Schulten

Calatroni

Kattan

et al. 2019

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Background: Allergy to German cockroach (CR) is common in urban environmentsand is an important allergen in children with asthma.Objective: We hypothesize that the evolution of allergic sensitization and clinical disease is associated with distinct patterns of allergen-specific T cell reactivity. To test this hypothesis, a subset of high-risk inner-city children participating in the URECA (Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma) birth cohort were selected to evaluate CR-specific T cell reactivity from three distinct groups based on acquisition of aeroallergen sensitivity from ages 2 to 10: low atopy with minimal to no sensitivity (n = 26), early-onset allergic sensitization (n = 25) and late-onset allergic sensitization (n = 25).Methods: Using pools of previously identified CR-derived T cell epitopes, we characterized the allergen-specific T cell response in these 76 subjects from blood samples obtained at age 10. CR-specific production of IL-5, IFNγ and IL-10 was measured by ELISPOT following two-week in vitro culture with CR extract.Results: T cell responses were significantly higher in the early-onset atopy group compared to low atopy (P = 0.01), and a trend for higher cytokine production in the late onset compared to the low atopy cohort was also observed (P = 0.06). T cell responses were similar between early-and late-onset cohorts. Furthermore, a comparison of T cell reactivity between asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals revealed significantly higher cytokine production in asthmatics compared to non-asthmatics (P = 0.02) within both the CR-allergic and non-allergic cohorts. Conclusions and clinical relevance:In conclusion, the present study reports that higher T cell reactivity is associated with allergen sensitization and asthma.Interestingly, no significant difference in T cell reactivity was observed in allergic children with early-onset versus late-onset atopy. K E Y W O R D Sallergens and epitopes, asthma, IgE, T cells

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The association of allergic sensitization patterns in early childhood with disease manifestations and immunological reactivity at 10 years of age

Schulten

Calatroni

Kattan

et al. 2019

Clin Experimental Allergy

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“…TnC is an Arthropoda panallergen and has been characterized as a minor allergen in shrimps, 3 whereas it is an important cockroach allergen (Bla g6, Per a6). 4 Bla g6 from Blattella germanica showed a 78.84% identity with TnC from TM (https ://www.unipr ot.org/blast ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The cockroach allergen‐like protein is involved in primary respiratory and food allergy to yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor)

Nebbia

Lamberti

Giorgis

et al. 2019

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Insects have been proposed as a high quality, efficient and sustainable alternative protein source for humans and animals, and a vast selection of edible products is currently available in many European countries. However, respiratory allergy among professional and domestic breeders and food allergy among consumers are known. 1,2We here report the case of 2 patients (Pt#1 and Pt#2, both male, 24 and 27 years old, respectively) employed in the production of insect flour made of yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor larvae, TML) and black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens larvae, HIL).The patients did not show the previous history of food or respiratory allergies. In the same factory, a total of ten workers handled TML, eight out of ten without developing any symptom. The first symptoms of the 2 patients (rhinoconjunctivitis, itching and contact erythema) appeared after some weeks of repetitive exposure to TML. They did not report any symptoms when exposed to HIL.The symptoms were particularly severe during the sifting of TML from their faeces (TMF), and when the patients entered the rearing room after the sifting operation, they disappeared after 24 hours.The sensitization therefore presumably occurred through a percutaneous route and/or by inhalation. After developing symptoms, Pt#1 continued to work using adequate protection devices, while Pt#2 left the job. The 2 patients were used to eat such edible insects as the greater wax moth, crickets and HI. They experienced an oral allergy syndrome (OAS) characterized by oral pruritus and tightness in the throat, as soon as they start eating for the first time a TML hamburger. Symptoms recovered spontaneously in about 40 minutes. Following this episode, they continued to tolerate other edible insects, but never tried to taste TML again and refused to undergo provocation test.In order to characterize the patients' allergic profile, we performed: skin prick tests (SPTs) with a standard battery of inhalant and food allergens, specific IgE for TM, Der p10, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and Prawn (ImmunoCap Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc) and basophil activation test (BAT) with TML and TMF protein extracts. Immunoblot analyses of both protein extracts and LC-MS/MS analysis followed by protein database screening were performed in order to identify the allergens involved in the TM sensitization (see Appendix S1).The SPTs with inhalant and food allergens were negative in both patients, except for Grass in Pt#1 and Alternaria in Pt#2. Specific TM IgEs were present in both patients (21.00 and 10.63 kU A /L, respectively), while no specific IgEs were found for house dust mites, Prawn and Der p10. BAT were positive in both subjects for TMF and TML (Figure 1).Immunoblotting showed a 15 kDa reactive band in both the TML and TMF extracts, when incubated with both patients' sera ( Figure 2, panel A). Three additional aspecific bands were also detected in the healthy control patients' serum pool, but only in the TML extract ( Figure 2). The cockroach all...

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“…For instance, patients with IgE sensitivities to grass pollen profilin Phl p12 might lead to up-regulated sIgE production and false skin prick test to whole birch pollen due to the cross-reactivity with birch profilin Bet v2 while the patients with high IgE levels to Phl p 1 and Phl p5 might represent good candidates for grass pollen immunotherapy [6]. To better improve patient selection for AIT, more effort has been invested on the characterization of allergen extracts using transcriptomics and proteomics approaches and profiling of their IgE reactivity [183][184][185]. The development and use of purified recombinant allergen, fusion of several allergens or hypoallergenic allergen derivatives will allow standardization of the allergen as compared to currently used natural allergen extracts, thereby expanding our knowledge on the disease mechanism and improving diagnosis and AIT for allergies [186].…”

Section: Next Generations Of Allergen-specific Immunotherapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and food allergies

2020

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Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is currently the only potential treatment for allergies including allergic rhinitis (AR) and food allergies (FA) that can modify the underlying course of the diseases. Although AIT has been performed for over a century, the precise and detailed mechanism for AIT is still unclear. Previous clinical trials have reported that successful AIT induces the reinstatement of tolerance against the specific allergen. In this review, we aim to provide an updated summary of the knowledge on the underlying mechanisms of IgE-mediated AR and FA as well as the immunological changes observed after AIT and discuss on how better understanding of these can lead to possible identification of biomarkers and novel strategies for AIT.

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Allergen content in German cockroach extracts and sensitization profiles to a new expanded set of cockroach allergens determine in vitro extract potency for IgE reactivity

Cited by 43 publications

References 28 publications

The association of allergic sensitization patterns in early childhood with disease manifestations and immunological reactivity at 10 years of age

The association of allergic sensitization patterns in early childhood with disease manifestations and immunological reactivity at 10 years of age

The cockroach allergen‐like protein is involved in primary respiratory and food allergy to yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor)

Mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and food allergies

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